低钾胁迫对玉米光合特性及叶绿素荧光特性的影响  

Effects of Potassium Deficiency on Photosynthetic Characters and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characters in Maize Plants

作　　者：夏乐[1] 于海秋[1] 郭焕茹[1] 赵尚文[1] 姚晓旭[1] 曹敏建[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《玉米科学》2008年第6期71-74,共4页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：沈阳农业大学青年教师基金(2005007);辽宁省高校创新团队项目

摘　　要：以耐低钾的玉米自交系90-21-3和不耐低钾玉米自交系丹937为试材,利用4个水平钾浓度的水培方法,研究低钾胁迫对不同耐性玉米自交系光合特性和叶绿体荧光特性的影响。结果表明,低钾胁迫下,玉米光合面积减少,光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均下降,胞间CO2浓度升高。且在严重低钾条件下不同耐性玉米自交系间差异达到了显著水平,丹937各指标的变化幅度大于90-21-3,90-21-3的光合速率和气孔导度显著大于丹937。低钾胁迫使玉米叶片Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ、qP及ETR显著下降,NPQ上升,表明低钾对PSⅡ造成了伤害,但其能够有效地避免或减轻因PSⅡ吸收过多光能而引起的光抑制和光氧化。与钾敏感自交系相比,耐低钾玉米自交系在低钾胁迫下仍有较强的光合能力和抗光抑制能力,对低钾有更强的耐性。The difference in the effects of potassium deficiency on photosynthetic characters and chlorophyll tluorescence characters in maize inbred lines under T （tolerance of low potassium） and S （sensitive to low potassium） were studied in solution culture with 4 different potassium concentrations. The results showed that the leaf area, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were all decreased as potassium deficiency, while the intercellular CO2 concentration under potassium deficiency were higher than that in normal condition. The change range of the indexes was apparently greater in S than that in T. There were significant difference in photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance between T and S at serious low-K levels. Under potassium deficiency, Fv/Fm, ФPSⅡ, qP and ETR were declined, NPQ was ascended, indicating that the PSⅡ reaction center was damaged, but maize itself can protected the plants from photoinhibition and photo-oxidation. T was more tolerant to potassium deficiency compared with S, because 90-21-3 has higher potassium uptake efficiency and could keep stronger photosynthetic ability with high resistance to photoinhibition under potassium deficiency.

关 键 词：玉米 低钾胁迫 光合作用 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]