调亏条件下春播蚕豆生长动态及其产量效应  

The Growth Tendencies and Yield Effects of Spring Broad Bean by Regulated Deficit Irrigation

作　　者：丁林[1] 王福霞[2] 王以兵[1] 张新民[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省水利科学研究院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃农业大学工学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2008年第6期236-240,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部科技成果重点推广计划项目(TG0614)

摘　　要：通过大田试验研究了调亏灌溉条件下春播蚕豆的生长动态及其产量效应,结果表明:蚕豆各生育期缺水后株高、叶面积指数、干物质积累量较对照均有较大幅度下降,轻度缺水处理株高较对照最大下降分别为18.3%,21.4%,14.4%,0.4%,各生育期叶面积指数较对照最大下降分别为16.8%,21.7%,13.2%,20.8%,各生育期干物质积累量较对照最大下降分别为22.86%,25.71%,14.14%,10.56%;重度缺水处理各生育期株高较对照最大下降分别为32.3%,15.4%,24.1%,1.99%,各生育期叶面积指数较对照最大下降分别为8.6%,34.8%,34.0%,23.1%,干物质积累量较对照最大下降分别为42.86%,37.14%,28.28%,15.00%。另外随着缺水程度的加剧蚕豆株高、叶面积指数、干物质积累量较对照降低越明显,这种降低趋势不但出现在缺水阶段,而且在后续生育阶段也出现降低趋势。同时蚕豆在拔节期或苗期或花荚期轻度缺水不仅没降低产量,而是增产14.05%,9.09%和8.26%,且节水4.14%,10.92%和5.27%,说明在蚕豆实际生产中应采取苗期轻度缺水,其余阶段为充分灌溉,或拔节期轻度缺水,其余阶段为充分供水两种试验处理均可达到节水、高产之目的。The growth tendencies and yield effect of broad bean was studied in field by regulated deficit irrigation conditions. The result shows that after water deficit in growth stage of broad bean, its height, leaf area index, dry material accumulation quantity have great scope to drop compared with CK. In each growth stage, light water deficit treatments drop is 18.3%, 21.4%, 14.4%, 0.4%, the leaf area index is 16. 8%, 21. 7%, 13.2%, 20. 8% respectively, the material accumulation quantity is 22.86%, 25.71%, 14.14%, 10.56% compared with CK; In each growth stage high water deficit treatments drop is 32.3%, 15.4 %, 24.1%, 1.99 %, the leaf area index is 8.6 %, 34.8 %, 34.0 %, 23.1% respectively, the material accumulation quantity is 42.86%, 37.14%, 28.28%, 15.00% compared with CK. Moreover along with water deficit degree＇s aggravating broad bean height. leaf area index, dry material accumulation quantity compares reduces is more obvious compared with CK, not only this kind reduces tendency to appear in the water deficit stage, moreover also appears in the following birth stage. Simultaneously the yield of broad bean has not reduced in the jointing stage or seedling stage or flowering stage under light water deficit, but increases production 14.05%, 9.09 % and 8.26 %, and saves water 4.14%, 10.92 % and 5.27 %. It explained that should adopt the seedling stage light water deficit other stages are the full irrigations, or the jointing stage light water deficit, other stages are the full irrigations in the broad bean actual production. This two kind of experimental processing to be possible fully to achieve saving water and the high production goal.

关 键 词：调亏灌溉 生长动态 产量效应 蚕豆 

分 类 号：S529.01[农业科学—作物学] S152.7