东方市腰果寒害影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Influencing Factors for Cold Damage to Cashew in Dongfang City

作　　者：王金辉[1] 黄伟坚[1] 张中润[1] 梁李宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2008年第5期36-38,49,共4页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(03EFN214600209);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(PZS012)

摘　　要：2008年1～2月海南省遭遇罕见的低温阴雨天气,对腰果造成严重寒害。本文调查东方市腰果寒害情况,分析其影响因素。结果表明,东方市腰果受寒害严重,新龙镇三个果园的腰果花穗全部受寒害干枯,板桥镇果园的腰果花朵被冻死干枯,部分腰果植株被冻死干枯。腰果植株受寒害程度与腰果品系、果园管理水平、温度以及施肥等因素有关。种植腰果无性系、加强果园管理以及合理施肥都有助于提高腰果植株的耐寒力。在正交设计的9个施肥处理中,以N_3P_3K_2处理[N 800 g/(a·株),P_2O_5300 g/(a·株),K_2O300 g/(a·株)]的干枯植株比例最低。It was unusually low in temperature, cloudy and rainy from January to February, 2008 in Hainan Province, during which cashew suffered serious cold damage. The cold damage to cashew in Dongfang City was investigated, and its influencing factors analyzed. The cold damage to cashew in Dongfang City was serious： the spikes of cashew were dead in the three plantations of Xinlong Town, the flowers of cashew were dry, and some of the cashews were dead in Banqiao Town. The severity of cold damage to cashew was related to the clone/seedling of cashew, plantation management, temperature, fertilization, and so on. Planting of cashew clone, improved plantation management and reasonable fertilization were beneficial to improve cashew cold tolerance. In the cashew plantations where fertilization experiment was conducted with L9 （34） orthogonal design in Xinlong Town the rate of dead cashews in N3P3K2 treatment （N 800g/y/tree, P205 300 g/y/tree, K20 300 g/y/tree） was the lowest among the 9 NPK treatments.

关 键 词：东方市 腰果 寒害 施肥 影响因素 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]