黄河下游河道“二级悬河”演变趋势的数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation of fluvial process in the Lower Yellow River with "secondary perched river"

作　　者：孙东坡[1] 刘晓平[1] 薛海[1] 王鹏涛[1] 廖小龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电学院水利工程系,郑州450011 [2]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广州510610

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2008年第6期136-141,共6页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：十一五国家科技支撑计划项目资助(2006BAB06B00-04)

摘　　要：本文建立了研究黄河下游"二级悬河"发展的平面二维水沙数学模型,根据悬河可能演变趋势确定计算边界条件。采用Laplace方程,按最大梯度原则对滩区地形进行了连续性处理。通过平面二维水沙数值模拟,研究了"二级悬差"对洪水演进、滩槽水流结构以及顺堤行洪的影响。分析表明二级悬差增加会引起堤沟河分流比明显增大,东坝头至高村河段"二级悬差"的临界控制条件为:不能超过现状悬差0.5m,否则滩槽分流比、沟槽分流比等因素将会随悬差增长发生很大变化。不同治理方案的模拟成果分析表明,采用"增强主槽过流能力"和"堤沟河治理"相结合的方法可以改善"二级悬河"状况。The 2-D hydrodynamics and sediment numerical simulation which reflects the characters of the lower Yellow River with ＂secondary perched river＂ is founded in this paper. The boundary continuous process with maximum gradient principle is obtained （via Laplace equation）. The influences of ＂secondary perched difference＂ on flood travel, flow structure of floodplain ~ channel and flood propagation along levee have been studied by 2-D numerical simulation of typical flood. It shows that the stronger ＂secondary perched difference＂ is, the greater diffluent ratio of ditch is. The critical controlling condition is that the perched difference can＇t excess 0.5m, otherwise the many factors such as diffluent ratio between channel and floodplain or between channel and ditch would take great change with increase of the perched difference. The simulation of different training project shows that the combination between ＂increasing flow capacity of the main channel＂ and ＂training ditch＂ can effectively improve the situation of the ＂secondary perched river＂.

关 键 词：可流泥沙工程学 二级悬河 悬差 分流比 平滩流量 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]