南方桉树人工林雨雪冰冻经济损失评估与分析  

Economic Losing Evaluation of Eucalyptus Plantations Subjected to the Frozen Catastrophe in Southern China

作　　者：陆钊华[1] 徐建民[1] 韩超[1] 李光友[1] 王伟[1] 项东云[2] 郭洪英[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]广西林业科学研究院,南宁530001 [3]四川省林业科学研究院,成都610081

出　　处：《林业科学》2008年第11期36-41,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家十一五科技支持专题“高产优质桉树速生材树种新品种选育”(2006BAD01A15-4);“桉树速生丰产林长期生产力维持与持续经营技术研究”(2006BAD24B0203)项目;林业公益性行业科研专项“亚热带桉树抗寒新品系选育”研究

摘　　要：针对雨雪冰冻灾害未满5年轮伐期的4类重灾林分开展经济损失评估。结果表明:在萌蘖经营前,不同重灾林分的经营成本与产量均有所差异,只有4年生的重灾林分木材利润为正值,其平均净收入和平均利润分别为16907.20元·hm-2和2480.85元·hm-2;其余类型的重灾林分因为经营期较短,木材产量较低不足以完全抵销经营期内的成本。在萌蘖经营中,亦只有4年生重灾林分的收益高于未受灾林分(CK),其平均净现值(NPV)、内部收益率(IRR)和产出投入比(B/C)分别达18114.00元·hm-2、57.95%和3.52,比最低分别高98.56%,39.21%和65.79%。不同类型萌蘖经营的NPV和IRR与木材价格和木材产量成正比,而与经营成本和贴现率成反比,IRR不随贴现率的变化而变动。本文还就如何提高灾后桉树人工林的经济效益进行了商讨。An economic assessment was made at four categories of Eucalyptus plantations damaged by a frozen catastrophe,ages of the plantations were all less than five years.The result shows that the operating costs are different at different plantation ages of forest before the operation of sprout forests as the output does.At the same period,only the profits of wood of the four-year-old Eucalyptus plantation subjected to frozen catastrophe are positive,the average profit and average net income of it are 16 907.20 yuan5hm^-2 and 2 480.85 yuan5hm^-2 respectively,the cost of other kinds of forests subjected to frozen catastrophe can not be offset because of the relatively short operation period and low yield.On the operation of sprout forests,only the income of four-year-old forest subjected to frozen catastrophe is higher than that of CK of which the average net present value（NPV）、internal rate of return（IRR）and B/C are 18 114.00 yuan5hm^-2,57.95% and 3.52 respectively of the minimum.The NPV is proportional to timber price and timber yield respectively which is also inversely proportional to operating cost and discount rate respectively at the same time,IRR does so,too.IRR has nothing to do with the discount rate.The methods and measures of how to improve economic benefit of Eucalyptus plantation after the frozen catastrophe have been discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：桉树人工林 冻害损失 经济分析 中国南方 

分 类 号：F307.2[经济管理—产业经济]