中国独龙族与莽人的体质特征  

A Study of the Physical Characteristics of the Derung and Mang Peoples in China

作　　者：郑连斌[1] 陆舜华[2] 许渤松[1] 罗东梅[1] 张兴华[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学生物系,天津300387 [2]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《人类学学报》2008年第4期350-358,共9页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170482);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30570978)

摘　　要：在云南省贡山县独龙江乡调查了200例(男为97例,女为103例)独龙族人的体质,在金平县金水河镇调查了56例(男33例,女23例)莽人的体质,计算了体质指数,统计了指数分型情况。研究结果显示:1)独龙族、莽人体质特征接近,并与侗、拉祜、彝、德昂族较为一致。2)在蒙古人种南亚类型诸人群中,独龙族、莽人眼内角间宽值较大,而其他多数指标值偏小。3)独龙族男女均以高头型、狭头型、中胸型、中骨盆型率最高。男性还以中头型、狭面型、中鼻型、长躯干型、中腿型、宽肩型率最高。女性还以圆头型、阔面型、狭鼻型、中躯干型、亚短腿型、窄肩型率最高。4)莽人男女均以中头型(头长宽指数)、高头型、中鼻型、中腿型、中胸型、宽肩型、中骨盆型率最高。男性还以中头型(头宽高指数)、阔面型、长躯干型率最高。女性还以狭头型、中躯干型率最高。女性超阔面型率与阔面型率相等。5)独龙族与莽人蒙古褶率低,鼻根高度较低、鼻宽值多大于我国蒙古人种北亚类型诸人群。The physical characteristics of 200 adults （97 males and 103 females） of the Derung peoples were investigated from Dulongjiang village, Gongshan county, Yunnan province. In addition, physical characteristics of 56 adults （33 males and 23 females） of the Mang peoples were investigated from Jiushuihe village, Jingping county, Yunnan province. Indices and statistical distributions of the physical characteristics were calculated, with the following results. 1 ） The physical characteristics of the Derung and Mang are similar, and close to the characteristics of the Dongzu, Lahu, Yizu and Benglong. 2） Among the populations of the South Asian type of Mongoloid, the interocular breadth of the Derung and Mang is larger, in contrast to other indices that are relatively small. 3 ） Some types of characteristics of the Derung, including hypsicephalic type, acrocephalic type, medium chest circumference and medium distance between the iliac crests were observed in high frequencies. In males, the percentage of mesocephaly, leptoprosopy, mesorrhiny, long trunk, mesatiskelic type and broad shoulder breadth is high, while in females, high frequencies appeared in brachycephaly, euryprosopy, leptorrhiny, medium length of trunk, subbrachyskelic type and narrow shoulder breadth. 4） Typical physical characteristics of the Derung and Mang are mesocephaly （length-breadth index of head ）, hypsicephalic type, mesorrhiny, mesatiskelic type, medium chest circumference, broad shoulder breadth and medium distance between iliac crests. Males are of the metriocephalic type （breadth-height index of head）, euryprosopy and long trunk. Females are of the acrocephalic type and medium length of trunk. The percentage of hypereuryprosopy is equal to that of euryprosopy in females. 5） In the Derung and Mang, percentages of mongoloid fold are small. Nasal root height is relatively small but nasal breadth is larger than in populations of the North Asian type of Mongoloid.

关 键 词：活体观察 活体测量 独龙族 莽人 

分 类 号：Q984[生物学—人类学]