叶顶间隙对离心泵性能影响的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of the Influence of Tip Clearance on Centrifugal Pump Impeller

作　　者：李强[1] 楚武利[1] 吴艳辉[1] 高鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力能源学院,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2008年第12期230-234,共5页Computer Simulation

基　　金：自然科学基金(50506026);西北工业大学基础研究基金(W018101)

摘　　要：离心泵的几何结构复杂,所以其内部流场也极其复杂并呈强烈的三维紊流特性,由于目前的理论水平和实验手段的限制,只能依靠精确的计算机仿真,才能获得其内部流场的详细情况,以便进行设计和优化。为了研究叶顶间隙对叶轮内部流场及性能的影响,对闭式离心泵叶轮和有间隙的半开式离心泵叶轮共同进行了计算机仿真。在所得计算结果基础上详细对比分析了离心泵内部流场的特性,捕捉到了叶轮通道内部的二次流现象。结果表明:随着叶顶间隙增大,叶顶间隙泄漏流动会使叶轮性能下降,二次流强度增加。从而说明计算机数值模拟方法,可以弥补实验方法的不足,用来研究叶顶间隙流动的影响,为离心泵的水力设计和优化提供依据。The geometrical structure of centrifugal pump is very complicated, so the inner flow field is not only very complicated but also has strong 3 - D and turbulence characteristics. Owing to the limitation of theory and experiment technology, at present the only way to gain the right and detailed inner flow - field of centrifugal pump is to use computer simulation method. In this paper, to reaserch the influence of tip clearance in flow field, two centrifugal impellers with tip clearance and without tip clearance are both investigated by computer simulation. Based on the result, the paper contrasts the characters of inner flow field in two impellers and captures the secondary flow in passage. It is concluded that with the clearance increase, the leakage flow makes the performance worse and strengthens the secondary flow. Accordingly, the computer simulation can remedy the deficiency of experiment and research the influence of leakage flow and offer advice for design and optimization of centrifugal pump impellers.

关 键 词：离心泵 叶轮 计算机仿真 泄漏流动 二次流 

分 类 号：V231.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]