全自动太阳跟踪器的研制和应用  

Development of full-automatic solar tracker and its applications

作　　者：吕文华[1] 贺晓雷[1] 于贺军[1] 李建英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2008年第12期2544-2550,共7页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家科技部科研院所开发研究资助项目(No.2003EG137177)

摘　　要：为了解决太阳辐射观测台站直接辐射表跟踪不准等问题,成功研制了全自动太阳跟踪器。跟踪器具有两种可自行切换的跟踪方式:传感器跟踪方式和太阳运行轨迹跟踪方式。介绍了这两种模式的工作原理,这两种方式自行切换,互相配合,实现了高精度的全天候太阳自动跟踪。经过数月的原理试验和一年半的台站试验,跟踪误差在±0.14°内。全自动太阳跟踪器的研制成功,在没有改进辐射传感器的情况下,可提高直接辐射、总辐射的测量准确度;解决了直接辐射表信号线缠绕的难题;实现了直接辐射、日照时数和散射辐射的全自动测量。In order to realize accurate tracking the sun by a pyrheliometer, a full-automatic solar tracker has been developed. The tracker has two tracking modes, one is to calculate the sun moving and the other is to control the solar displacement. This paper introduces the principle of two tracking modes, and realizes the high-precision automatic sun tracking of all weather by switching automatically and cooperation with each other. The track error is within the rang of ±0.14°on the basis of experiments for 18 months. Putting pyrheliometer and pyrameter on the tracker, it can improve the measurement accuracies of direct radiation and total radiation,which solves signal wire of pyrheliometer intertwist and achieves full-automatic measurements of direct radiation, sunshine duration and diffusive radiation.

关 键 词：全自动太阳跟踪器 研制 应用 

分 类 号：P414.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]