异源三倍体(ACC)与结球甘蓝回交的受精及胚胎发育  

Fertilization and embryo development in the backcross of cabbage with allotriploid

作　　者：张玉成[1] 王彦华[1] 陈雪平[1] 申书兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2008年第6期13-15,20,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2005000222);河北农业大学科技将帅计划项目

摘　　要：以结球甘蓝与大白菜杂交获得的异源三倍体（2n=28，ACC）为母本，二倍体结球甘蓝（2n=18，CC）为父本，在蕾期和花期分别进行回交，采用荧光显微技术和石蜡切片等方法对其回交的受精及胚胎发育过程进行了观察。结果表明：①花粉萌发数量很少，萌发的花粉管大部分弯曲变形或不能伸入柱头，柱头乳头细胞产生的大量胼胝质进一步阻碍了花粉管的进入，只有少数花粉管能够到达珠孔并进行受精；②受精胚珠在授粉11～13d后，球形胚开始退化死亡，游离胚乳核已解体，未受精的胚珠已完全退化，仅残存珠柄；③回交后代结子率极低，仅为0．01％。Backcross was made from the allotriploid as female parent which was the hybrid between cabbage and Chinese cabbage and diploid cabbage as male parent at bud and flower stage respectively. Observation on the fertilization and embryo development in the backcross was performed by the technology of fluorescence microscopy and paraffin slice. The results showed that： i） few pollen grains germinated, most germinated pollen tubes distorted, and large callose on the surface of papilla of stigma prevented pollen tubes from penetrating into the stigma while only a few pollen tubes reach the micropyle; ii） globular embryo started to degenerate and free endosperm nucleus were disintegrated in 11- 13 days after pollination, and after the unfertilized ovule degenerated, only residual podosperm; and iii） rate of seed setting for backcross progenies was very low with only 0.01%.

关 键 词：大白菜 结球甘蓝 回交 受精 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S635.1[农业科学—园艺学]