日本白鲫(♀)×德国镜鲤(♂)F_1代及双亲的RAPD分析  

RAPD Analysis of F_1 Hybrids Generations from German Mirror Carp × Japanese Crucian Carp and their Parents

作　　者：汤卫琳[1] 张轩杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《激光生物学报》2008年第6期744-749,共6页Acta Laser Biology Sinica

摘　　要：利用筛选的24个随机引物,对日本白鲫(Carassius Curatus Cuvieri)(♀)×德国镜鲤(Cyprinus carpio varspecularis Lacepede)(♂)杂种一代及双亲进行RAPD分析。结果表明:在德国镜鲤、日本白鲫、F1中检测到的位点数分别为200、207、218,其中多态性位点数分别为63、66、72,多态位点比例分别为31.5%、31.9%、33%。F1多态位点高于父母本,表明它的遗传多样性和变异水平最高。3个群体间的遗传距离分别为0.3068(德国镜鲤和日本白鲫)、0.2041(德国镜鲤和F1)、0.1961(日本白鲫和F1)。德国镜鲤和日本白鲫的遗传距离最大,表明它们之间具有最大的杂交潜力,F1与父本遗传距离大于F1与母本遗传距离,表明F1与母本亲缘关系更近。从扩增谱带中找到了1个引物(S21)的特异性带是德国镜鲤区分日本白鲫和F1的分子标记,找到4个引物(S79、S114、S331、S333)扩增出的特异性谱带是日本白鲫区分德国镜鲤和F1的特异标记,还有1个引物(S106)扩增的特异性谱带可以作为F1区分父母本的遗传标记。在3个群体所有个体的UPGMP分支图中,所有个体分别成3个群分支,清晰地反映出个体间的相互关系。The random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD） technique was applied to the genetic analysis of Japanese crucian carp, German mirror carp and their filial generations by using of 24 random primers selected. The results showed that ： the number of loci detected in the German mirror Carp, Japanese crucian carp and F1 were 200,207,218, and the number of polymorphic loci were 63,66,72,and the percentage of polymorphic loci were 31.5 % ,31.9 % ,33 % respectively. The percentage of polymorphic loci of F1 was considerately higher than that of the parents indicating the rather great genetic variations within the 3 populations. The corresponding genetic distance is 0. 3068 （ GMC and JCC）, 0. 2041 （ GMC and F1 ） and 0. 1961 （ JCC and F1 ） ） respectively. The genetic distance between German mirror carp and Japanese crucian carp is the largest. It is presumed that the heterosis between German mirror carp and Japanese crucian carp is the highest. The genetic distance between German mirror carp and F1 is higher than Japanese crucian carp and F1 indicating the rather more closer relationship between Japanese crucian carp and F1. Primer（ S21 ） was observed to produce specific band, and this band could be used as molecular markers for discriminating German mirror carp from Japanese crucian carp and F1. Four primers（ S79、S114、S331、S333）were observed to produce specific bands, and these bands could be used as molecular markers for discriminating Japanese erueian carp from German mirror carp and F1. Primer（S106） was observed to produce specific band, and this band could be used as genetic markers. A phylogenetic tree which was constructed using Statistical Analysis System computer programme based on genetic distances clearly revealed that all individuals were clustered into three groups, which revealed the relationship among individuals.

关 键 词：日本白鲫 德国镜鲤 RAPD分析 遗传关系 

分 类 号：Q32[生物学—遗传学]