马尾松林昆虫群落动态及稳定性研究  

COMMUNITY DYNAMICS AND STABILITY OF INSECTS IN MASSON PINE FORESTS

作　　者：张真 吴东亮[2] 王淑芬[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科学研究院森林保护研究所 [2]中南林学院环境资源系

出　　处：《林业科学》1998年第1期65-72,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

摘　　要：通过对松毛虫一个暴发周期中不同发生类型区内松林林冠层昆虫群落的多样性及其动态分析结果表明，群落平均多样性特别是潜伏期多样性越大，群落越稳定，食叶类群多样性对整个群落的多样性和稳定性起重要的作用。捕食类群对刺吸类群控制作用较大，而寄生类群对食叶类群的控制作用较大。中性昆虫在群落中也有一定的作用。松毛虫不同发生阶段中，上升阶段多样性最大，如此时多样性足够大，可有效地抑制松毛虫的暴发，否则松毛虫将在竞争中占优势地位，数量猛增，导致大发生。通过研究认为，群落中并联形式的多样性可增加系统的冗余和负反馈作用，导致系统的稳定性；而串联形式的多样性不能导致系统的稳定性。お? The community dynamics and stability of insects in masson pine forests is discussed by analyzing the outbreak process of pine caterpillars (Dendrolimus punctatus). The community with high diversity, especially that during the endemic phase, tends to be more stable. Diversity of folivorus group plays an important role in the diversity and stability of the whole community. Predators mainly affect on sap sucking group, while parasitoids on defoliate group. Some insects neither phytophagous nor natural enemies can also play a role to certain degree. Diversity at the increase phase is the biggest, and if it is big enough,outbreaks of pine caterpillars can be suppressed,otherwise the outbreaks can occur. Increase of phytophagous diversity leads to more parallel connections and enhances the control feedback of the system. Complexity of parallel connection structure can turn to stability,whereas series connection can not.

关 键 词：松毛虫 昆虫群落 多样性 稳定性 马尾松 

分 类 号：S763.421[农业科学—森林保护学] S763.712.4[农业科学—林学]