不同林草植被覆盖度的水土保持效益及适宜植被覆盖度  

Relationship between percentage of vegetative cover and soil erosion

作　　者：刘斌[1] 罗全华[1] 常文哲[1] 许小梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃西峰745000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2008年第6期68-73,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"973"重点基础研究发展计划项目"水土流失综合调控原理与治理范式"(2007CB407207);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目"黄河健康修复目标及其对策研究"(2006BAB06B00-08);黄河水利委员会"十五"重大治黄科技项目"高塬沟壑区典型小流域水土流失规律及水土保持治理效益分析研究"(2002SZ04)

摘　　要：以1954--2004年南小河沟流域水文气象观测资料及所布设的林地、草地径流场观测资料为数据源，进行坡面侵蚀强度与径流指标、降水指标、植被覆盖指标之间的定量分析。结果表明：林草植被措施减轻坡面侵蚀的作用明显；防治水土流失的林草植被覆盖度以40％～60％分界明显；从防治水土流失的角度出发，黄土高原沟壑区人工林地和草地建设的有效植被覆盖度应不小于60％和50％。Vegetative cover plays an important role in reducing soil and water losses. Based on the meteorological and hydrological data and the observation data of forest and grass plots in Nanxiaohe watershed from 1954 to 2004, relations among erosion intensity, runoff, precipitation and vegetation coverage was quantitatively analyzed. Results showed that ： 1 ） Effect of forest and grass coverage in reducing slope erosion was obvious. 2） Significant demarcation was found when vegetation coverage reached to 40 percent to 60 percent in controlling water and soil loess. 3 ） From the view of soil erosion control, effective vegetation coverage of artificial forest stand and grassland in Hilly-gully Region of Loess Plateau should not be lower 50% - 60%.

关 键 词：林草措施 植被覆盖度 降水 侵蚀强度 南小河沟流域 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S157.433[农业科学—农业基础科学]