无线传感器网络在冰川环境监测中的应用研究  

Application Research of Wireless Sensor Networks in Glacial Environment Monitoring

作　　者：罗立辉[1,2] 张耀南[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省高性能网格计算中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2008年第6期1018-1023,共6页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基础人才培养基金冰川学冻土学特殊学科点项目(J0630966)资助

摘　　要：冰川作为淡水库存资源和气候指示器,对其观测手段的改进非常重要.集成了传感器、嵌入式操作系统、无线网络技术的无线传感器网络,是一种全新的信息获取与处理技术,在环境监测中具有很好的应用和优势.针对无线传感器网络在极端环境冰川监测中的应用进行了分析,给出了部署的网络结构,传感器节点的数据传输途径,以及冰川环境下无线传感器网络需要关注的操作系统功能、传感器材质、长时间能耗、冰下部署的通讯能力等问题,并提出了需要改进的技术方面问题.结合集成网络摄像机,利用Google Earth、Google SketchUp等技术给出了构建全天候的观测网络和实时数据展示平台的措施.讨论了将特定冰川观测区域的无线传感器网络的观测数据,与天空中的遥感卫星监测数据进行结合,构成"天地一体化"的监测研究系统的可行性.It is very important to improve the monitoring of glaciers as freshwater resources and climate indicator. The wireless sensor networks （WSN）is a kind of brand-new information acquisition and processing technology, which has fully integrated technologies of the sensor, the embedded operating system and the wireless network. The WSN has good application and advantages in environmental monitoring. In this paper, the application of the WSN monitoring glaciers under the extreme environment monitor is analyzed. The deployment of the network structure, data transmission channels of sensor nodes, as well as the operating system functions, sensor material, prolonged energy consumption, communication capabilities under ice are given. The WSN integrated with the Webcam, Google earth, Google SketchUp is a kind of brand-new all-weather observation network and real-time data demonstrate platform. The feasibility is discussed that observational data of WSN monitoring glacier in designated observation region and monitoring data of remote sensing satellites in the sky are integrated into ＂one world＂ monitoring and research system.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 传感器节点 冰川环境监测 

分 类 号：X84[环境科学与工程—环境工程]