水稻种植机械化发展现状及制约因素分析  

The Progress of Rice Planting Mechanization and Analysis of Its Restrictive Factors

作　　者：何金均[1] 王立臣[1] 宋建农[1] 刘娟容[1] 林桂竹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农机化研究》2009年第2期1-4,共4页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BDA28B00-05)

摘　　要：水稻生产在我国粮食生产中占有非常重要的地位,但由于其栽植环节生产技术复杂、季节性强、用工量多和劳动强度大等原因,生产效率比较低下,研究和加快推广机械化种植技术已成为当务之急。目前,我国水稻机械种植方式大体可分为机插秧、机直播和机浅栽(机抛秧或机摆秧)3大类,机插秧逐渐成为发展的主流。各种机械种植方式和机具推广中存在着多种不同的制约因素,影响了我国水稻种植机械化水平的快速提高。经过初步的调查与分析,认为区域性差异、农机与农艺的结合、机具的设计制造以及运行推广机制上存在着一些问题,需要采取有效措施予以解决。In our country rice production takes an important place in grain production, but because in its planting the production technology is complex, the seasonal characteristic is strong, the work is hard, the labor intensity is big and so on, the production efficiency is quite low. Studying and accelerating the promotion of mechanized planting level has become the urgent matter. Nowadays there are mainly three mechanized rice -planting modes, mechanized transplanting, mechanized direct seeding and mechanized superficial seeding （mechanized throwing and putting）, and mechanical transplanting has become mainstream in recent years. But there are various different restrictive factors in various mechanized rice - planting modes and machine equipment popularization, influencing the promotion of the level of rice planting mechanization in our country. According to the inquisition and the analysis of the first step, it is thought that there are more or less problems in regional difference, combination of agricultural machine＂ and agriculture, the design and manufacture of machines and operation popularization mechanism. So we should take effective measures to solve these problems.

关 键 词：水稻 种植机械化 发展现状 制约因素 

分 类 号：S233.71[农业科学—农业机械化工程]