少数民族女大学生月经相关症状的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological Studies on Prevalence of Menstrual-related Symptoms in Minority Female College Students

作　　者：李东阳[1] 于秋红[2] 康晓平[1] 东珍[2] 吴俣[3] 王周[4] 李海滨[5] 宋黎春[6] 杜健[7] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,北京100191 [2]中央民族大学医院 [3]大连民族学院 [4]中南民族大学 [5]云南民族大学 [6]西南民族学院 [7]西北民族大学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2008年第12期1092-1094,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中央民族大学“985工程”课题

摘　　要：目的了解少数民族女大学生月经相关症状的流行情况,为针对性地开展女大学生的生殖健康教育和健康促进工作提供依据。方法选取7所民族大学,整群抽取二～三年级少数民族女大学生进行问卷调查,对7905份问卷进行分析。结果痛经是少数民族女大学生中最常见的月经症状,发生率为90.9%;烦躁易怒、忧郁、精神不集中的发生率依次为44.8%,23.7%和25.7%;以上症状均以彝族女生的发生率最高。学习生活受月经相关症状影响的调查对象占44.4%。34.8%的调查对象精神压力较大或很大,藏族、维吾尔族与哈萨克族女生精神压力较大。仅39.0%的调查对象月经异常时去医院治疗。结论月经相关症状在少数民族女大学生中普遍存在,对学习和生活影响较大。需要做好女大学生的健康教育工作,提高医疗服务的可及性。Objective To survey the prevalence of menstrual-related symptoms in minority female college students, and to provide evidence for appropriate health education and health promotion on female college students＇ reproductive health in the future. Methods An administered questionnaire survey was conducted among female students in grade 2 and 3 from 7 national universities, and 7 905 questionnaires were statistically analyzed. Results Dysmenorrhea was the most common menstrual symptom, the prevalence was 90.9% ; the incidence rate of anger or irritability, depression, difficulty concentrating were 44.8%, 23.7% and 25.7% respectively; the incidence rate of symptoms above in the Yi girls were the highest. About 44.4% of the girls＇ daily life was influenced by menstrual-related symptoms. 34.8% of respondents had more or great mental stress, Tibetan, Uygur and Kazak girls＇ pressure was greater. Only 39.0% of respondents sought for treatment when their menstruation was abnormal. Cooeinsion Menstroal-related symptoms are prevalent in minority female college students, and influence their daily life. Health education and accessibility of medical services should be improved.

关 键 词：月经 体征和症状 流行病学研究 学生 少数民族 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R711.51[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]