公民参政思想变化新论--文艺复兴时期人文主义者参政思想浅析  

The Civil Participation of Citizen Elites:Views on the Political Ideas of Italian Humanists in the Renaissance Period

作　　者：朱孝远[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史系教授,北京100871

出　　处：《世界历史》2008年第6期92-110,共19页World History

摘　　要：本文旨在探讨文艺复兴时期意大利人文主义者政治思想的变化,折射出不同时期公民参政的目标和要求。通过对但丁、彼特拉克、布鲁尼、马基雅维里政治思想的解读,本文揭示了文艺复兴时期公民参政的目标是建立自由的、充分反映民意的公民国家,对近代政治学的诞生具有重要影响。公民参政要求建立新型的政府,既能为社会提供良好的秩序、又能为民众提供良好的生活。这表明:文艺复兴时期的公民参政已经突破了古代希腊、罗马的模式和中世纪公民参政的传统,发展成为以建立近代政府为目标的、人民的政治运动。This paper explores the political ideas of the Italian humanists and seeks to relate them to values and attitudes of,and the tensions within,the social groups that were called the citizen elites.Based primarily on careful reading on the writings of Dante Alighieri,Francesco Petrarch,Leonardo Bruni and Niccolo Machiavelli,this paper discusses the popular politics that proved so effective in the Italian Renaissance.It provided Common Man with the ideas of better government,that is,of how to bring better order to society and better life to the common people.This change marked a significant step toward a much higher level of politics,a story of how and why the civil participation shifted from their medieval to more modern justifications for political struggle.

关 键 词：公民参政 但丁 彼特拉克 布鲁尼 马基雅维里 

分 类 号：K546[历史地理—历史学] D091[历史地理—世界史]