稻瘟病菌AVR-pita等位基因的遗传多样性研究(简报)  

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF A VR-pita ALLELES OF RICE BLAST FUNGUS MAGNAPORTHE GRISEA

作　　者：马炳田[1] 曲广林[1] 石军[1] 陈德西[1] 林瑜凡[1] 黄文娟[1] 李仕贵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学水稻研究所,成都温江611130 [2]四川农业大学西南作物基因资源与遗传改良教育部重点实验室,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《分子细胞生物学报》2008年第6期495-499,共5页Journal of Molecular Cell Biology

基　　金：教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT0453)

摘　　要：由真菌Magnaporthe grisea引起的稻瘟病是我国水稻三大病害之一．也是遍及世界各水稻产区的重要病害．每年均有不同程度的发生．流行年份一般减产10％-20％．严重的达40％-50％．局部田块甚至颗粒无收。稻瘟病菌在进化过程中形成了遗传多样性和毒性易变的特性．是水稻品种抗病性容易丧失的主要原因之一。对稻瘟病系统研究的证据表明．水稻与稻瘟病菌之间的互作．符合“基因对基因”假说。也就是说．水稻有一抗病基因，稻瘟病菌中就会有相对应的无毒基因．Rice blast, caused by fungus Magnaporthe grisea, is one of the most serious diseases of rice throughout the world and is also a classical system in which avirulence （AVR） genes in the pathogen show a functional correspondence with particular resistance （R） genes in rice. The interaction between A VR-pita gene in Magnaporthe grsiea and Pi-ta gene in rice is a classical gene-for-gene system. The genetic diversity of A VR-pita alleles was showed by 44 isolates from the fields in Sichuan and Chongqing. According to the published sequence of A VR-pita （GenBank Accession No. AF207841）, the special primers were designed and a population analysis of AVR- pita occurrence in the field was conducted. The PCR negative isolates did not trigger host resistance responses and the disease might occur. The positive special PCR band in an isolate was not corresponding with its avirulence to the Pi-ta rice line. Among 11 sequenced A VR-pita alleles, six A VR-pita alleles encoded the same protein, four proteins differed from each other by one amino acid and one had nonsense mutation. The strategy of utilizing Pi-ta in rice breeding was also discussed.

关 键 词：稻瘟病菌 AVR-pita 多样性 变异 抗病育种 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]