民用太阳能热水系统雷电灾害分析和防雷技术  

Analysis of Lightning Disasters and Lightning Protection Technology for Solar Water Heaters

作　　者：聂长春 郭麦 陈青山 

机构地区：[1]广东省汕头市防雷中心,汕头515041 [2]广东省徐闻县气象局,徐闻524100

出　　处：《气象科技》2008年第6期830-833,共4页Meteorological Science and Technology

摘　　要：通过对太阳能热水系统雷电灾害事例的理论分析及对现行各类防雷技术标准的相关研究,从集热器部分直击雷的防护、电气与自动控制系统的LEMP防护以及人身安全保护3个方面提出太阳能热水系统防雷技术要点。建议根据安装太阳能热水系统的建筑物高度以及所在地年平均雷暴日数等因素进行雷击风险评估,以决定是否需要在集热器附近安装接闪杆。对电气与自动控制系统的LEMP防护应考虑一次性投入、维修维护费用与设备的价值之比决定是否采取屏蔽、等电位连接、防闪络措施(合理布线)及加装浪涌保护器(SPD)等措施。The key technical points of lightning protection for solar water heaters are presented through the theoretical analysis of lightning disasters and the related researches on various lightning protection standards from the following three aspects： the protection of direct lightning strokes for solar collectors, the LEMP （Lightning electromagnetic impulse） protection of electric and automatic control systems, and the protection of user＇s personal safety. It is suggested that the risk of lightning damage should be estimated according to the heights of the buildings on which solar water heaters are installed and the annual mean numbers of lightning days in the related areas to decide whether it is necessary to install a lightning arrester around the collector. For the LEMP protection of electric and automatic control systems, the one- off investment and the ratio of maintenance fee to equipment cost should be considered in determining whether such measures is necessary as shielding, equipotential bonding, flashover protection （rational wiring）, and SPD （Surge Protective Device） installation.

关 键 词：太阳能热水系统 雷灾 防雷技术 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术] TK515[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]