新疆奇台县草地资源30年变化研究  

Changes of pasture resource in Qitai County of Xinjiang in the last thirty years

作　　者：米雪晶[1] 贡璐[1] 韩春鲜[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2008年第6期19-22,31,共5页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40761020)和(40771194);新疆大学博士基金(070238);绿洲重点实验室开放课题(040079)资助

摘　　要：利用3S技术和草地转移矩阵,分析了新疆昌吉回族自治州奇台县八户地草地30多年的变化规律和原因。研究认为,从1973-2006年草地生态环境整体情况呈现好转趋势,人类活动是影响其变化的主要原因。其中,1973-1997年,草地附近的8地水库干涸,使得草地中的盐碱地大面积的转变成草地,而此期牧民的超负荷放牧,又使转变为草地多以低草为主。盐碱地处于最大的"落势",而低草处于最大的"涨势";1997-2006年,草地实行围栏工程并建设人工防护林,草地生态恢复,大部分低草转化为高草,低草处于最大的"落势",高草处于最大的"涨势"。Changes and its reasons of pasture resource in Bahudi pasture of Qitai County in the last thirty years were analyzed based on 3S technologies and transform matrix of meadow. The results show that ecological environment of the pasture has becoming better during 1973 to 2006 because of human activities. From 1973 to 1997,the pasture became dry and saline because of human being activities such as built reservoir and overload grazing. And then, in the late of eighties of twenty century, the saline was declining and the grasses were recovered by irrigation and other measurement. From 1997 to 2006 ,with the implementation of the pasture fence project and construction of shelter forest, the grassland ecology resumed and improved low grass was instead by high grass in most area.

关 键 词：3S 草地转移矩阵 奇台 八户地草地 变化规律 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]