绕刚体的分离涡流到绕柔体的受控势流  

From rigid- body separated controlled vortical flows to flexible- body potential flow

作　　者：吴介之[1] 杨延涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学工学院力学与空天技术系,北京,100871

出　　处：《实验流体力学》2008年第B12期21-27,共7页Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助（10572005）.

摘　　要：在小粘性流体的现实环境中，人类学会了利用适当产生的边界层及其涡量来构造航行器和流体机械，这导致了涡动力学的形成和发展，并把经典势流理论的应用范围推到边界层、自由剪切层和旋涡之外。但是，边界层是一柄双刃剑。它本身、它的分离、失稳、转捩，以及由此而来的各种涡结构，无一不带有或大或小的副作用。现在，人们遇到的刚体大雷诺数绕流问题越来越复杂（包括湍流）。这些复杂性大都源于边界层的各种不利的、甚至灾害性的副作用。但是，随着变形体绕流研究的开展和智能变形材料的开发，人类有可能造出新的近壁流态来代替刚性物面的层流或湍流边界层，使近壁流之外的流场全是势流。In the realistic flow with small viscosity, the boundary layers and the vortieity therein have long been used for constructing aircrafts and fluid machines, during which the vorticity and vortex dynamics was formed and showed significant development, and the application of the classic potential theory was extended beyond the boundary layer, free shear flow, and the vortices. But the boundary layer has both advantages and disadvantages. The boundary layer itself, its separation, instability, transition, and the vortical structures produced in these processes may cause some unfavorable effects. Now, the flow over a rigid body at large Reynolds number becomes much more complicated （including turbulence）. Most of the complexity arises with the bad, even disastrous influences of the boundary layers. However, as we keep studying the flow over the deformable body and developing the intelligent flexible materials, a new near -wall flow state can been introduced to replacing the laminar or turbulent boundary layer adjacent to a rigid surface, so that the flow may stay potential except the near- wall region.

关 键 词：变形体流体力学 旋涡分离流 粘性势流 柔壁流动控制 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]