三峡工程水库诱发地震问题研究  

A STUDY OF RESERVOIR-INDUCED EARTHQUAKE OF THREE GORGES PROJECT

作　　者：陈德基 汪雍熙[2] 曾新平 

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会,湖北武汉430010 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2008年第8期1513-1524,共12页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

摘　　要：全面回顾三峡工程水库诱发地震问题研究的历史过程、研究手段和方法,前期研究的基本观点和结论;重点介绍依靠高精度监测台网所获得的自2003年分期蓄水以来库区地震活动的详细情况,并对所有记录的震动进行类型划分,对其分布范围、活动特征(频度、强度和时空分布等)和规律进行统计、分析和研究。通过对蓄水后地震活动状况和特征的分析,检验前期研究的认识和结论,也获得了许多新的重要信息,如大量记录到的地震属废弃矿山充水塌陷型和岩溶型,以微震和极微震为主,有明显的地域性;岸坡岩体变形也可以得到震动的记录;构造型水库地震高潮的出现明显滞后于非构造型水库地震;两类地震衰减过程都十分明显等。这些资料不仅有助于对三峡工水库诱发地震的分析预测,也极大地丰富了水库诱发地震问题研究的内容。在此基础上,对三峡工程水库随着库水位抬升诱发地震的活动趋势进行预测。研究结果表明,在广泛、坚实地震地质工作的基础上,依靠高精度监测台网所获得的大量地震信息并对这些信息适时、认真细致地归纳、分析,对一个特定大坝工程水库诱发地震做出一定程度的预测是有可能的,并全面回答了当前有关三峡工程水库诱发地震的争论热点问题。A comprehensive review has been performed on the study of the reservoir-induced earthquake of the Three Gorges Project（TGP）, including the history, means and methods, the basic viewpoints and main conclusions proposed before project commissioning. The focus is put on the description of the seismic activities recorded by the high-precision monitoring station networks since the reservoir step-impoundment of the project in 2003,classification of all the recorded shocks. Analyses of the distribution, characteristics（including the frequencies, intensities and distribution in time and space） and tendencies of the seismic activities are introduced. Through the analysis of the seismic activities after the TGP impoundment; the observation data are used to compare with the conclusions of at pre-construction phase; and a lot of important new information has been obtained. For example, a large number of earthquakes are of water-filling induced collapse-typed of karst caves or abandoned mines,which are dominated by micro- or extreme-micro earthquakes and distributed with obvious localities. Deformation of bank slopes can also be recorded as shocks. The climax of reservoir-induced earthquakes of tectonic type obviously lags behind those of nontectonic-type; and the attenuation tendency of the reservoir-induced earthquakes of above two types is obvious. These data will not only enhance the prediction analysis of TGP reservoir-induced earthquakes, but also enrich the information for study of reservoir-induced earthquakes. On the basis of the above-mentioned studies, a prediction is made on the future tendency of the TGP reservoir-induced earthquakes when the reservoir water level further rises. Analysis and research also are drawn that a certain degree prediction of reservoir-induced earthquake for a specified dam project could be made based on a comprehensive geoseismical research and a large amount of seismic-activated information recorded by the high-precision monitoring station networks. The paper can also provide a

关 键 词：水利工程 三峡工程 水库诱发地震 

分 类 号：TV642.2[水利工程—水利水电工程]