2008年北京一次春季层状云探测分析  

An Aircraft Observation of a Stratiform Cloud in Spring 2008 of Beijing

作　　者：金华[1] 马新成[1] 黄梦宇[1] 何晖[1] 李睿劼[1] 周嵬[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市人工影响天气办公室,北京100089

出　　处：《干旱气象》2008年第4期35-40,共6页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：北京市优秀人才培养资助项目"新型云粒子探测系统对北京地区云和降水的机理研究"(20081D0200800058);国家科技支撑计划课题"北京地区人工消雾技术研究"(2006BAC12B04)资助

摘　　要：利用云和降水探测设备(DMT-PMS)对一次层状云降水过程进行了探测。分析发现CAS(云及气溶胶粒子探头)在该弱降水云中测得的云粒子平均浓度大于FSSP在其他地区层状云中所测平均值,CIP(二维云粒子图像探头)与2D-C及2D-GA2所测冰晶粒子平均浓度接近,PIP(二维降水粒子探头)与2D-P所测降水粒子平均浓度相当。观测发现云区雪晶浓度与冰晶浓度呈正相关关系,在冰晶浓度<104个/m3时,雪晶、冰晶浓度之比与冰晶浓度为负相关关系;在冰晶浓度>104个/m3的时刻,雪晶、冰晶浓度之比不因冰晶浓度变化而变化。温度为-10～-12℃的云区云水条件丰富,有较多的冰晶在该层孕育;降水粒子在温度-7～-10℃的云区生长。温度为-5～-7℃的云区云水不丰富,降水粒子蒸发变小;温度为-4～-5℃的云区仅有少量的降水粒子。A stratiform cloud was measured with a Particle Measurement System（PMS） produced by Droplet Measurement Technologies （DMT） and mounted on a Y - 12 aircraft in spring of 2008, Beijing. It was found that the average concentration of cloud particles measured by CAS （ Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer） was bigger than those values measured by FSSP in other areas of north China. It was also found that the average concentrations of ice particles measured by CIP （Cloud Imaging Probe）, 2D -C and 2D -GA2 were all similar. A positive correlation was found between snow and ice crystals＇ concentrations. A negative correlation was found between the concentration of ice crystal and the ratio of snow and ice crystal concentrations when the concentration of ice crystals was less than 10^4 m^-3, but when more than 10^4 m^-3, the ratio of snow and ice crystal concentration is a constant. Many ice crystals were found in the cloud field where the temperature ranged from - 10 to - 12 ℃, and there was more supercooled water in the field. The precipitation particles were propagated in the cloud filed where the temperature ranged from - 7 to - 10 ℃. Precipitation particles evaporated and became smaller in the cloud filed where the temperature ranged from - 5 to - 7 ℃. Little precipitation particles was found in the cloud field where the temperature ranged from -4 to -5℃.

关 键 词：DMT—PMS 云探测 云粒子 降水粒子 

分 类 号：P412.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]