黄土丘陵沟壑区坡面尺度土地利用格局变化对径流的影响  

Effects of Slope Landuse Pattern Change on Runoff in the Hilly and Gully Area of the Loess Plateau

作　　者：徐海燕[1] 赵文武[1] 刘国彬[2,3] 朱恆峰 朱婧[1] 解纯营[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院土地资源研究所,北京100875 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2008年第6期49-52,72,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973计划(2007CB106806);国家自然科学基金项目(40501002)

摘　　要：基于黄土丘陵沟壑区安塞试验站小区实验研究,探讨了坡面尺度土地利用格局变化对径流的影响。根据2006年10次降雨的径流数据,对全谷子(a),2/3谷子—1/3柳枝稷(ab),2/3谷子—1/3撂荒地(ac),2/3谷子—1/3苜蓿(ad)4种土地利用格局进行了分析。研究结果表明,(1)径流量的月分布特征与降雨量的月分布基本一致,高降雨量导致高产流量;(2)同一坡度条件下,格局ab,ac,ad与格局a相比均有不同程度的减流效应,减流效应的顺序为:ab>ac>ad;(3)随着坡度从10°增加到25°,格局a,ab,ad的径流量逐渐增大,格局ac的径流量则是呈现一个先增大后减少的趋势;(4)由于受植被盖度、降雨以及人为干扰的复合作用,不同月份产流量的变化特征与年产流量变化规律不尽一致。Based on the experimental plot research in Ansai Integrated Experimental Station on Water and Soil Conservation, the effects of landuse pattern change on runoff in slope scale were discussed. Four kinds of landuse patterns were designed in the loess area, including millet only （pattern a）, two-thirds millet and one-third panicum virgatum （pattern ab）, two-thirds millet and one-third abandoned land （pattern ac）, and two-thirds millet and one-third alfalfa （pattern ad）. Research results indicated that runoff had close relationships with high rainfall amount and changed with seasonal rainfall. Compared with pattern a, the other three landuse patterns （ab, ac, and ad） had positive effects of runoff reduction in the same degree. With the slope degree varying from 10° to 25°, runoff from the plots of patterns a, ab, and ad increased all along, but runoff from the plot of pattern ac decreased after increased. Because of the compound effects of vegetation cover, rainfall, and disturbance, monthly runoff was not consistent with annual runoff.

关 键 词：土地利用格局 径流 坡面尺度 黄土丘陵沟壑区 

分 类 号：F157.4[经济管理—世界经济]