产业联系与外资溢出效应—对浙江省制造业的实证研究  

INDUSTRIAL LINKAGES AND SPILLOVER EFFECTS OF FDI——An Empirical Study on Manufacturing Industries in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：贺灿飞[1] 潘峰华[1] 尹薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院城市与区域规划系,北京100871

出　　处：《人文地理》2008年第6期60-65,共6页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40535027);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(40401015)

摘　　要：本文探讨水平联系、前向联系和后向联系对外商直接投资溢出效应的影响。利用浙江省制造业数据,通过实证分析发现,浙江省制造业外资总体上具有水平负向溢出效应,同时通过后向联系产生正向溢出效应。水平负向溢出效应主要是外资企业带来的激烈竞争所导致的,产业后向联系产生的正向溢出效应主要通过外资企业的本地采购发生。浙江省内资制造业企业并没有从购买外资企业中间投入品而显著提升效率。Many countries strive to attract foreign direct investment （FDI） in hope that knowledge and technology brought by multinationals will spill over to domestic enterprises and increase their productivity. Whether foreign enterprises have positive or negative spiUover effects depends on a number of factors, such as the technological gap and business linkages between domestic and foreign enterprises. The spillover effects will take place through several ways, including 1） new comers into the industry will result in more fierce competition that will make a change for the resource allocation and finally improve the efficiency of the whole industry;2） foreign firms will push the domestic ones to improve their technology and management in order to survive in the market; 3） domestic enterprises will imitate and learn from the foreign firms; 4） the domestic firms improve their technology and management from forward and backward industrial linkages; 5） the technology transfer is followed by the job-hopping from foreign to domestic finns. Foreign enterprises eaa also take the advantages of their technologies, management, capital and market to get the domestic firms out of market. Many previous studies find that there are significant spillover effects on domestic firms from FDI. However, few studies distinguish the different ways of the spiUover effects. This paper investigates the influence of horizontal, forward and backward industrial linkages on the spillover effects of FDI. It is hypothesized that foreign enterprises are likely to improve the labor productivity of domestic enterprises when they source intermediate goods from domestic enterprises or they sell to them. It is also proposed that horizontal linkages between foreign and domestic enterprises facilitate the technological transfer and enhance labor productivity of domestic enterprises. The authors believe that horizontal linkages between foreign and domestic enterprises hurt domestic enterprises and thereby foreign enterprises generate significant cr

关 键 词：FDI 溢出效应 产业联系 浙江省 

分 类 号：F129.9[经济管理—世界经济]