不同施肥种类及施用量对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫病发生的影响  

Effects of fertilization on cereal cyst nematode of wheat

作　　者：杨卫星[1] 袁虹霞[1] 孙炳剑[1] 邢小萍[1] 张飞跃[1] 殷宪平[1] 王振跃[1] 李洪连[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2008年第6期613-618,共6页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目粮食丰产科技工程(2006BAD02A07-1);河南省重大公益性招标课题(081100911300);河南省科技攻关重点资助项目(072102160007)

摘　　要：在大田及室内条件下研究了尿素(Urea)、过磷酸钙(Superphosphate)、硫酸钾(Potassium sulphate)、硝酸磷钾复合肥(Phosphorus-potassium nitrate fertilizer)4种肥料、10个配比施用量对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫病的影响。室内盆栽结果表明,尿素375kg/ha处理对线虫的抑制作用最好,过磷酸钙900kg/ha、尿素300kg/ha和尿素225kg/ha次之;硫酸钾270kg/ha、硝酸磷钾复合肥525kg/ha、硝酸磷钾复合肥525kg/ha+硫酸钾120kg/ha3个处理对线虫的抑制作用均为负值。大田试验结果表明尿素300kg/ha、尿素225kg/ha和过磷酸钙900kg/ha3个处理对线虫的抑制作用最好;硫酸钾270kg/ha、硝酸磷钾复合肥525kg/ha、硝酸磷钾复合肥525kg/ha+硫酸钾120kg/ha3个处理对线虫的抑制作用较差。在抑制线虫增殖方面,复合肥525kg/ha+尿素75kg/ha处理效果最好,过磷酸钙900kg/ha、尿素300kg/ha2个处理对线虫增殖也具有一定的抑制作用;硫酸钾270kg/ha、硝酸磷钾复合肥525kg/ha、硝酸磷钾复合肥525kg/ha+硫酸钾120kg/ha3个处理则促进线虫增殖。产量测定结果表明,过磷酸钙900kg/ha、尿素300kg/ha、复合肥+磷肥187.5kg/ha3个处理增产效果均在10%以上;硫酸钾270kg/ha、硝酸磷钾复合肥525kg/ha、硝酸磷钾复合肥525kg/ha+硫酸钾120kg/ha3个处理增产效果均低于5%。The effects of 4 fertilizers namely Urea, Superphosphate, Potassium sulphate（PS） and Phosphoruspotassium nitrate fertilizer （PPNF） at 10 dosages on cereal cyst nematode （CCN） of wheat were tested in the plots and pots. In pots, the control effect of Urea 375 kg/ha was the best and the effects of Urea 300 kg/ha, Urea 225 kg/ha and Superphosphate 900 kg/ha were lower than the former but higher than other treatments; The effects of PS 270 kg/ha, PPNF 525 kg/ha and PPNF 525 kg/ha ＋ Potassium sulphate 120 kg/ha treatments were all negative. In plots, the control effects of Urea 300,225 kg/ha and Superphosphate 900 kg/ha treatments were better than other treatments. The effects of PS 270 kg/ha, PPNF 525 kg/ha and PPNF 525 kg/ha ＋ PS 120 kg/ha treatments were poor. In suppressing the reproduction of CCN, PPNF 525 kg/ha ＋ Urea75 kg/ha was the best in all treatments and the Superphosphate 900 kg/ha and Urea 300 kg/ha treatments also suppress the reproduction of CCN, whereas PS 270 kg/ha, PPNF 525 kg/ha and PPNF 525 kg/ha ＋ PS 120 kg/ha promoted the reproduction of CCN. The yield-increasing effects of Superphosphate 900 kg/ha, Urea 300 kg/ha and PPNF 525 kg/ha ＋ Superphosphate 187.5 kg/ha treatments were all above 10% ,but that of PS 270 kg/ha,PPNF 525 kg/ha and PPNF 525 kg/ha ＋ PS 120 kg/ha treatments were all below 5%.

关 键 词：小麦 禾谷胞囊线虫 肥料 抑制作用 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]