大渡河流域分布式水循环模型开发研究  

Development of Distributed Hydrological Cycle Model for Dadu River Basin

作　　者：胡东来[1,2] 严登华[2] 宋新山[1] 贾仰文[1] 杨舒媛[2] 俞烜[2] 张明珠[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境学院,上海200051 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京100044

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2009年第1期1-4,7,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重大项目课题"西线工程对调水区生态环境影响评估及综合调控技术"(2006BAB04A08);科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项"南水北调西线工程水源区水资源评估技术研究"(2005DIB3J057)

摘　　要：大渡河流域是我国西南水电开发总体布局的重要靶区,也是南水北调西线工程的重要水源区。采用分布式水分能量传输模型(WEP模型),在地理信息技术的支撑下,构建了大渡河流域具有物理机制的分布式水循环模拟模型。模型水平单元为5 km×5 km的网格,采用马赛克法对单元的内的土地利用及植被分异进行处理;在垂直方向上,该模型可有效模拟冠层截流、填洼产流、入渗、植被蒸腾、水面和裸地蒸发垂直水循环要素过程。模型具有较好的模拟精度,在校正和验证期模型模拟误差(泸定站)均小于5%,Nash效率均在0.8以上。该模型可为区域水资源评价、生态影响评价等提供直接支撑,可为流域水电梯级开发调度和西线工程的运行调度提供支撑。Dadu River Basin is not only an important area in general layout of southwest hydropower development, but also an important water source area for the West Line Project of South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Through adopting the distributed WEP model and GIS technology, a distributed hydrological cycle simulation model for Dadu River basin, in which the physical mechanism of hydrological cycle is considered, is established in this paper. The horizontal unit of the model is a grid of 5km multiplies 5km and the mosaic method is adopted to treat the difference of land utilization and vegetation in the unit. In vertical direction, the hydrological process components include evapotranspiration, infiltration, runoff, groundwater movement, interaction between groundwater and river water, overland flow, and river flow, et al. The maximum error of water balance calculation is less than 5%. The correlation coefficient between simulated and observed values is greater than 0. 80. The model can supply references for the regional water resources evaluation, ecological influence evaluation, rundle development and dispatch of hydropower in this basin and the dispatch of the West Line Project of South-to-North Water Diversion Project.

关 键 词：大渡河流域 分布式水文模型 地理信息技术 天然水循环过程 

分 类 号：TV12[水利工程—水文学及水资源]