滇池、红枫湖沉积物中总磷、分态磷及生物硅形态与分布特征  

Distributions of total phosphorus,phosphorus fractions,and biogenic silica in Dianchi Lake and Hongfeng Lake sediments

作　　者：吴峰炜[1] 汪福顺[1] 吴明红[1] 尹然[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海201800

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第1期88-94,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40571158和40303013);上海市教委基金项目(06AZ059);上海市重点学科计划资助项目(T0105)

摘　　要：通过对不同富营养化程度的湖泊(滇池及红枫湖)沉积柱剖面进行不同形态磷以及生物硅含量分析,对比了磷及生物硅的沉积分布特征,并探讨了其与湖泊富营养化演化的关系。结果表明:滇池沉积物中碎屑磷和有机磷在总磷中占50.5%～80.8%,是影响总磷趋势的主要原因;红枫湖中有机磷对总磷的贡献较大,占总磷的53%～60.9%;且两湖各形态磷均随深度的增加而减少;两湖总磷、有机磷、铝磷以及滇池沉积柱中的碎屑磷等的快速增长,表明其主要来源于人为污染;生物硅含量呈现从下层沉积物向上逐渐增加,在上层沉积物中逐渐减少的趋势;总磷、有机磷、铁结合态磷、铝结合态磷、弱结合态磷以及生物硅都能较好地反映富营养化污染的演变和现状。Sediment cores were taken from two lakes （Dianchi Lake and Hongfeng Lake） with different degree of eutrophication to analyze the contents of total phosphorus （ TP）, phosphorus （P） fractions, and biogenic silica, compare their profile distribution characteristics, and ap- proach the relationships of these distribution characteristics with the evolution of eutrophication. The results showed that the residual-P and organic-P （Or-P） in Dianchi Lake accounted for 50. 5%-80. 8% of TP, being the main fractions of the TP, while the Or-P in Hongfeng Lake accounted for 53%-60. 9% of TP, contributing more to the TP. The phosphorus fractions in the two lakes had a trend of decreasing with increasing sediment depth. The rapid increase of TP, Or-P, and AI-P contents in the two lakes and of residual-P in Dianchi Lake revealed that the P pollution of the lakes was mainly from the people＇ s living and production activities. The biogenic silica content in the sediments represented increasing from the bottom to the top, and decreasing in the top. The distribution characteristics of Or-P, Al-P, Fe-P, residual-P, and biogenic silica could better reflect the evolution and the present status of lake eutrophication.

关 键 词：分态磷 生物硅 沉积物 富营养化 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]