基于地形和土壤的泾河流域植被生态系统保水效益分析  

Vegetation water conservation effect in the Jinghe River basin:An analysis based on topography and soil type

作　　者：毕晓丽[1,2] 葛剑平[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带可持续发展研究所,山东烟台264003 [2]北京师范大学生命科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第1期95-101,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家基础研究发展规划项目(G2000046802和2002CB111507);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(2000002716);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270254)

摘　　要：植被保水效益是黄土高原地区研究的热点,以往的研究往往将环境因子的异质性忽略,在环境均质的假设下进行小尺度的试验研究。本文基于GIS技术,综合考虑土壤、地形等因子,分析了黄土高原泾河流域的植被保水效益及空间分布特征。结果表明:泾河流域植被平均每年可以保持的水量是3.92×108m3,占泾河流域把口站的流量的1/3;总的保水量大小为草地>农田>森林>灌丛,不同植被类型平均保水效益为农田>森林>灌丛>草地,与前人研究结果不同的是,本文的研究是基于栅格单位的(30m),而前人则是基于点数据的;土壤类型在决定植被保水效益中起重要的作用,本文更客观地反映了流域内植被保水能力及空间分布。Vegetation water conservation effect is a hotspot of the researches on the Loess Plateau. The precious researches often ignored the heterogeneity of environmental factors, and conducted at small scale, supposing that the environment is homogenous. By using GIS techniques and giving consideration of the factors （landform and soil ）, the vegetation water conservation effect and its spatial distribution in the Jinghe River basin of the Loess Plateau were analyzed, with the standard set of vegetation-soil-slope complex at basin scale. The results showed that in the Jinghe River basin, the vegetation average annual water conservation effect was 3.92×10^8m^3 , aeeourting for 1/3 of the runoff. The total water conservation effect by the vegetations was grassland 〉 farmland 〉 forestland 〉 shrub land, and the average water conservation effect per unit area was farmland 〉 forestland 〉 shrub land 〉 grassland. Being different from previous studies, our study showed that soil played an important role in the vegetation water conservation effect based on grid Unit. As a result, this study could more objectively reflect the vegetation water conservation effect and its spatial distribution at basin scale.

关 键 词：保水效益 植被生态系统 地形 土壤 泾河流域 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]