从音系的角度看官话方言在元明以后增生的浊声母和次浊声母  

The Neogenesis of Voiced and Semi-voiced Onsets among Northern Dialects after the Yuan(元)-Ming(明)Period from a Phonological Perspective

作　　者：刘镇发[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学文学院中文系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《语言研究》2009年第1期16-20,共5页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要：北方方言在宋元之间中古浊音声母清化以后,在零声母字的基础上增生了浊声母和次浊声母,这些声母的增生一方面对音系有一定的稳固作用,另一方面则造成今天北方方言的语音差别。很多官话方言都有[v][z][γ][η]等声母,而这些声母都是在中古音清化以后,从清声母的基础上再发展而来的。现代官话有超过三分之二的方言点有这个现象。不增生的方言点反而是少数。From a perspective of phonological constraints, this article analyses the neogenesis of voiced and semi-voiced onsets from zero onsets among Northern dialects after the devoicing of Middle Chinese voiced onsets. These newly generated onsets stabilized the phonology of these dialects on the one hand and caused the diversity of the Northern dialect on the other. Many Mandarin dialects have the onsets [v][z][y][η] which can be traced back to zero onsets in early Mandarin, which were then unvoiced after the devoicing process completed. About two third of the modern mandarin dialect belong to this category, and dialects with no neogenesis become a minority.

关 键 词：北方方言 声母增生 音系结构 

分 类 号：H114[语言文字—汉语]