不同施用方式下保水剂浓度对作物成苗的影响  

Effect of Concentration of Super Absorbent Polymer on the Seedling Establishment of Crops under Different Applying Methods

作　　者：王志刚[1] 于健 高聚林[1] 闫永利[1] 张俊生 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古水利科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《华北农学报》2008年第6期212-216,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家“863”计划项目(2002AA2Z4171);国家自然科学基金项目(30660083)

摘　　要：针对内蒙古干旱地区农业生产实际和保水剂在节水农业中的应用前景，对干旱条件下保水剂浓度对作物出苗和生长的影响进行了研究。通过盆栽试验，研究了保水剂不同施用方式下，浓度对萝卜、玉米和糜子的出苗率和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：施用保水剂可显著提高作物出苗率并改善幼苗生长状况，但其效果因施用方式不同，差异较大。对萝卜而言，5cm施用深度下，沟施时对应浓度在0．10％～0．50％范围内，出苗率比对照提高25．3～44．0个百分点，混施在浓度小于1．00％时，皆能提高出苗率，但提高幅度明显低于沟施；10cm施用深度下，混施时浓度在0．10％～0．50％范围内，出苗率比对照高30个百分点左右，而沟施则不明显。对于玉米和糜子，混施浓度低于0．30％时，玉米出苗率提高5～7倍，糜子出苗率提高2～4倍。从幼苗生长看，萝卜在试验最低浓度0．10％，玉米和糜子在0．10％～0．30％，各处理株高明显优于对照。总体上保水剂和土壤混施优于沟施，施用深度对作物成苗的影响在不同施用方式下不一致，这种差异与保水剂和土壤的相互作用有关。According to the agricultural practicality of Inner Mongolia and the application prospect of super absorbent polymer（SAP）, it was meaningful to do researches on the effect of SAP concentration on the seedling establishment under drought condition. The effects of application concentration under different applying method of SAP on the emergence and the growth of radish, corn and proso were researched in this paper. The results indicated that applying SAPs in soil increased emergence and seedling growth of 3 crops, the increases in emergence and seedling growth depend on application method and depth. At 5 cm depth of applying SAPs, spreading SAPs in furrow increased the emergence rate of radish by 25.3 to 44 percentage points compared with CK at the concentration of 0.10 % to 0.50 %. Mixing SAPs with soil can also increased the emergence at the concentration less 1.00%, but extent of increase was much more less that in spreading SAPs in furrow. At 10 cm depth of applying SAPs, mixing SAPs with soils increased emergence by about 30 percentage points at the concentration of 0.10% to 0.50% while spreading SAPs in furrow did not increased compared with CK. Mixing SAPs with soils increased emergences of corn and proso by 5 - 7 times and 2 - 4 times respectively at the concentration less than 0.30 % . The effect of mixing SAPs with soils on seedling growth was more obvious than on the emergence .The plant heights were remarkably higher than CK for radish at 0.10% concentration and for corn and proso at 0.10 % to 0.30 % concentration. On whole mixing SAPs with soils was better than spreading SAPs in furrow, but applying SAPs at depth of 10 cm was better than 5 cm for radish while mixing SAPs with soil applying depth of 5 cm was better than that of 10 cm for either emergence or seedling growth of corn and proso. The difference caused by the interactivities between SAPs and soils.

关 键 词：保水剂 作物 出苗率 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]