某矿业集团接尘煤矿工人健康状况调查  

Investigation on health status of coal workers exposed to dust in a coal mining industry group

作　　者：吴全兰[1] 丁新平[1] 陈卫东[1] 郭长轩[1] 张扬[2] 

机构地区：[1]淮北矿业集团职业病防治院,安徽淮北235000 [2]浙江大学医学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,310006

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2008年第6期489-491,共3页China Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解接尘职工健康状况,为企业防治尘肺病和开展职工健康教育、健康促进提供依据。方法采用横断面调查法,对某矿业集团接触煤尘、岩尘的10 310名在岗职工健康监护档案进行统计学分析。结果尘肺病检出率为0.53%;Ⅰ期尘肺病人发病年龄为(52.00±5.42)岁、发病工龄为(30.00±2.95)年;肺功能异常检出率为4.62%。血压偏高检出率为22.60%,血压偏高与年龄、工龄呈正相关(r=0.98,P<0.001);心电图异常检出率为19.89%,心电图异常与工种有关(2=77.48,P<0.005),与年龄无关,采煤工、掘进工心电图异常检出率高于辅助工;乙肝表面抗原阳性率为6.70%;尿常规异常率为2.70%。纯掘进工血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度高于纯采煤工,差异具有显著性。结论该矿业集团职工尘肺病发生率下降,但健康状况不容乐观。企业应开展有效的健康教育和健康促进工作。Objective To understand the health status of coal workers＇ pneumoconiosis （CWP） exposed to dust and evaluate the effects of working conditions on health status in the CWP. Methods With a cross-sectional study, 10 310 employed workers exposed to dust were investigated by using a questionnaire to obtain their general condition and health records. Results The incidences of pneumoconiosis and abnormal lung function were 0. 53% and 4. 62%. The average age and length of service of pneumoconiosis at stage I was （52.00±5.42） and （30.00±2.95 ） respectively. The incidence of hypertension was 22. 60%, which positively correlated with age and length of service（r=0.98,P〈0.001）. The incidence of electrocardiogram （EKG） ab- normality was 19. 89% and it correlated with type of work （X^2=77.48,P〈0.005） but not correlated with age. The incidence of EKG abnormality among coal miners and shaft workers was higher than that of the assistant workers. Hemoglobin （Hb） levels and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration （MCHC） of shaft workers were higher than that of the coal miners. Conclusion The findings indicated that the incidence of pnetunoconiosis was decreased. However, the health condition of the staff workers was not optimistic. The mining group should strengthen their efforts on health education and health promotion.

关 键 词：粉尘作业 健康状况 煤工尘肺 综合防治 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]