应用多普勒天气雷达资料分析强对流天气的垂直廓线特征  

Study on the different kinds of vertical profile of severe convection weather in Shijiazhuang by Doppler radar products

作　　者：赵瑞金 史锐[3] 董保华 李岩 

机构地区：[1]河北省气象台,石家庄050021 [2]河北省生态环境监测试验室,石家庄050021 [3]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [4]河北省新乐市气象局,河北省新乐050700

出　　处：《气象科学》2008年第B12期64-70,共7页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：河北省气象局科研开发项目"多普勒天气雷达回波资料的垂直廓线特征研究(08ky10)"

摘　　要：利用石家庄多普勒天气雷达资料，对2004--2007年的22次冰雹和39次短时强降水天气过程中的各要素进行了对比分析。结果表明：在单体对流云和积层混合型对流云中，冰雹回波的强度、高度均强（高）于短时强降水，并且单体对流云型冰雹和短时强降水的回波强度和顶高均强（高）于积层混合型，积层混合型对流云出现短时强降水比例高于冰雹。在回波中层，短时强降水主要为偏东风和偏南风，冰雹主要为偏西风、偏北风；冰雹平均风速大于短时强降水，在3～6km的高度风速显著增加。强对流天气出现前均呈现低层辐合，高层辐散；都有较强的上升运动，在天气过程出现后冰雹的下沉运动更强；当高层辐散量大于低层辐合量时，对流云发展加强，反之减弱。Using the date from 22 hailstorms and 39 rainstorms of short duration that happened in Shijiazhuang from 2004 to 2007, several weather elements were compared in this article. The results are as follows： In cell convective cloud or merging convective cloud, the strong echo top is higher and the reflectivity is more intensive in hail than in short duration rain, and the reflectivity of strong echo is more intensive and the height is higher in cell convective cloud than in merging convective cloud. The proportion of short duration rainstorm is higher in merging convective cloud than in cell convective cloud. At the middle level of echo, the wind direction of the short duration rainstorm is mainly eastern or southern, but it is mainly western or northern for hail. The average wind speed of hail is higher than the short duration rainstorm＇s. There is a distinct increase of wind speed at the height of 3 - 6 km. Both of them are divergence in low layer and convergence in high layer and strong ascending movement before the severe convection weather occurred. After the weather, there is stronger descending movement in the hail than in short duration rainstorm. When the divergence at high level is stronger than convergence at low level, the convection becomes more intensive, otherwise the convective cloud becomes weaker.

关 键 词：强对流天气 垂直廓线 多普勒天气雷达 

分 类 号：P412[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]