激光-MIG复合焊中激光与电弧前后位置对焊缝成形的影响  

Effect of relative position of laser beam and arc on formation of weld in laser-MIG hybrid welding

作　　者：高志国[1] 黄坚[1] 李亚玲[1] 吴毅雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学上海市激光制造与材料表面改性重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《焊接学报》2008年第12期69-73,共5页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：上海市重点实验室项目(06DZ22102)

摘　　要：为了便于激光束焊接高反射率的铝合金,研究了激光-MIG复合焊方法中激光与电弧前后位置对焊缝成形的影响。激光入射角度在电弧和激光束前后相对位置不同情况下,分别对应不同的焊缝成形机制会对焊缝的表面和内部成形产生比较大的影响,激光束在前电弧在后,焊缝上表面成形均匀饱满;而电弧在前激光束在后,焊缝表面会出现倾斜沟槽。通过对焊缝不同位置进行EDX和微观硬度分析可以明显发现两种情况下Mg元素含量从焊缝上表面到底部依次增加,但硬度分布略有差别:激光在前电弧在后焊缝上部的硬度小于底部,而电弧在前激光在后焊缝上部的硬度大于焊缝的底部。对铝合金施焊之后的焊缝表面及其两侧会有一层黑色物质,通过EDX分析可以确定为铝、镁的氧化物。In order to weld high reflectivity aluminum alloy 5083H116 by laser-MIG hybrid welding process, the effects of the front and behind relative position of laser beam and arc on the formation of weld were analyzed. The laser beam incidence angel will seriously affect the weld formation both surface and inside corresponding to different formation mechanism. When the laser beam is in front of the arc in the welding direction, the weld surface is full uniform. While the arc is in front of the laser beam in the welding direction, the inclined trench will appear on the weld surface. With the help of EDX and micro hardness analysis, the Mg content shows a gradual increase from the weld upside surface to the underside surface, but the weld hardness is slight difference. The weld hardness of upside is less than that of underside for the laser beam in front of the arc in the welding direction; the weld hardness of upside is higher than that of underside for the arc in front of laser beam in the welding direction. Meanwhile, there is the black substance on the weld surface after welding, and it is confirmed as oxide of aluminum and magnesium by the EDX.

关 键 词：铝合金 焊缝成形 激光-MIG复合焊 激光入射角 

分 类 号：TG454[金属学及工艺—焊接] TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]