生物肥料对香蕉枯萎病及土壤微生物的影响  

Infulence of biological fertilizers on banana wilt disease and microorganisms in soil

作　　者：张志红[1] 李华兴[1] 韦翔华[1] 刘序[1] 彭桂香[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第6期2421-2425,共5页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：广东省"十一五"攻关项目(2006B20301050)

摘　　要：香蕉枯萎病是真菌引起的一种土传病害,它的蔓延已经严重影响到香蕉产业的正常发展。将腐熟的有机肥与3种生防细菌(枯草芽胞杆菌、胶质芽胞杆菌和巨大芽胞杆菌)结合,组合成生物复混肥和生物有机肥,将它们施用在香蕉上,研究其对枯萎病病害防治效果。盆栽香蕉试验结果显示,2种肥料不仅能抑制香蕉枯萎病(防病效果分别为61.5%和53.8%),同时也引起土壤微生物群落发生变化,真菌数量明显下降,放线菌明显升高,细菌变化较小。通过相关分析发现,生物肥料中3种生防细菌总数与土壤中枯萎菌和普通真菌呈显著负相关,而与防病效果呈极显著正相关,有机肥中细菌与土壤细菌和放线菌含量也呈显著正相关。Banana wilt was a soil-borne disease caused by Fusarium oxysopoyum, and its spread has seriously affected the normal development of the banana industry. The combination of decomposed manure with three kinds of bacteria （ Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus and Bacillus megaterium ） may produce bio-organic fertilizer and bio-compound fertilizer. Application of them was a very effective biological control of banana wilt. The pot experiment result showed that bio-organic fertilizer and bio-compound fertilizer not only inhibited the banana wilt disease （antagonistic effect, respectively, 61.5% and 53.8%）, but also changed microbial communities in soil： significantly decreased the number of fungi, increased actinomycetes, smaller changes in bacteria. Through correlation analysis, the total number of three functional bacteria in biological fertilizers was significantly negatively correlated with the number of FOC and fungi in soil, significant positive correlation with antagonistic effect .Bacteria in organic fertilizer was a significant positive correlation with bacteria and actinomycetes in soil.

关 键 词：香蕉枯萎病 生物有机肥 生物复混肥 防病效果 

分 类 号：S144.1[农业科学—肥料学]