孤立系统中熵减的必要条件和化学反应  

Necessary Condition of Decrease of Entropy in Isolated Systems and Chemical Reactions

作　　者：张一方[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学物理系,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2009年第1期30-34,共5页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(K1020195)

摘　　要：化学反应是非常复杂的,其包括振荡、凝聚、催化剂和自组织等.对这些情况熵的变化可以是增加或者减少.热力学第二定律是基于孤立系统和统计独立性.如果在系统中由于内部相互作用存在涨落放大,则可能出现熵减.在孤立系统中熵减的必要条件是存在内部相互作用.在化学反应中有各种内部相互作用,这样在一个孤立系统中具有熵减的某些有序化过程是可能的.The chemical reactions are very complex, and include oscillation, condensation, catalyst and self-organization, etc. In these case changes of entropy may increase or decrease. The second law of thermodynamics is based on an isolated system and statistical independence. If fluctuations magnified due to internal interactions exist in the system, entropy will decrease possibly. We proposed that a necessary condition of decrease of entropy in isolated systems is existence of internal interactions. In chemical reactions there are various internal interactions, so that some ordering processes with decrease of entropy are possible for an isolated system.

关 键 词：熵减 化学反应 内部相互作用 振荡 催化剂 

分 类 号：O414.11[理学—理论物理]