乐安江河滩表层土中重金属的分布和残留分析  

Distribution and Retention of Heavy Metals in Floodplain Topsoils of Le'an River

作　　者：曾凡萍[1,2] 肖化云[1,3] 周文斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学环境科学与工程学院教育部鄱阳湖湖泊生态与生物资源利用实验室,江西南昌330047 [2]江西萍乡市环境监测站,江西萍乡337000 [3]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2009年第2期96-101,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40672159)

摘　　要：流经亚洲最大露天铜矿(德兴铜矿)的乐安江,其三条支流被由采矿行为而产生的酸性矿山废水AMD和一个活性炭厂排出的废液所污染,以至其河滩表层土中有高浓度的Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn。根据中国土壤环境质量标准判断,乐安江河滩表层土有4个地方被Cu所污染,3个地方被Pb和Zn所污染。而对于Cd、Cr、Ni来讲,所有采样点的浓度都比较低。4个高浓度金属离子的采样点表层土表明了它们受到了人为活动的污染。计算出的污染指数也表明受到污染的表层土呈局部分布,与4个污染源(德兴铜矿、银山铅锌矿、火力发电站和捕鱼区、金属高炉)的位置相对应。尽管4个污染源中的后面两个被清理有十几年了,但历史遗留下来的污染物仍残留在表层土中。Metals including Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were determined in floodplain topsoils of Le＇an River which runs through the largest outcrop copper mine in Asian, with the three tributaries contaminated by AMD from mining activities or discharges from an activated carbon factory. With respect to Chinese environmental quality standard for soils, floodsplain topsoils concentrate Cu at four sites, and Pb and Zn at three sites, while Cd, Cr and Ni showed depletion at all sites. Four sampling sites containing rich metals in topsoils showed evidence for anthropogenic contamination. Calculation of contamination index also indicated a highly localized distribution pattern closely associated with four pollution sources. Although the last two heavy metal source had been abandoned for over 10 years, historical contamination was kept in the topsoils.

关 键 词：河滩表层土 重金属 采矿污染 乐安江 

分 类 号：X324[环境科学与工程—环境工程]