再生稻与同期抽穗主季稻源库流特性差异研究  

Differences in Characteristics of Source,Sink,and Flow between Ratooning Rice and Its Same-Term Heading Main-Crop Rice

作　　者：易镇邪[1] 周文新[1] 秦鹏[1,2] 屠乃美[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南亚华种业科学研究院

出　　处：《作物学报》2009年第1期140-148,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30370835);湖南省中青年基金项目(00TZYZ068);湖南省教育厅青年基金项目(02B011)资助

摘　　要：以6个水稻品种（组合）为材料，研究了再生稻与同期抽穗主季稻源库流特性的差异。结果表明，再生稻叶面积指数为主季稻的1／8～1／5，穗粒数和产量为主季稻的1／3左右，但齐穗至齐穗后10d再生稻光合速率较主季稻高20％～70％，孕穗至成熟期再生稻净同化率是主季稻的2．7—6．0倍；再生稻与主季稻枝梗过氧化氢酶活性差异不大，再生稻剑叶光合产物分配到穗部的比例明显高于主季稻，而残留在茎鞘中的比例大大降低；再生稻外观品质优于早稻与晚稻，而加工品质介于早稻与晚稻之间。本试验条件下，主季稻属增库增产型，而再生稻属源库互作型。为使再生稻高产，应选用穗粒数较多的品种，充分发挥再生稻光合速率与净同化率高的优势，采取积极的栽培措施，促进再生稻叶面积的扩展、穗粒数的提高与物质运转能力的增强。Many researches on characteristics of source and sink of ratooning rice （RR） and their differences with main-crop rice （MCR） have been conducted under natural growing conditions in different seasons. At the same time, while the difference in characteristics of flow between MCR and RR is seldom reported. To get rid of the effect of natural conditions, sowing on different dates was applied to make RR of earlier MCR and later MCR headed at the same time, and then differences in characteristics of source, sink and flow between RR and its same-term heading main-crop rice （SHMR） were studied with six rice cultivars. The results showed that LAI of RR was about one-eighth to one-fifth of that of SHMR, and grain number per panicle and yield of RR were about one-third of those of SHMR, while photosynthetic rate of RR was 20% to 70% higher than that of SHMR in 10 days after full heading and net assimilation rate of RR was 3.7 to 6.0 times of that of SHMR from booting to maturity. Difference in catalase activity of panicle branches between RR and SHMR was not clear. In photosynthate of flag leaves, the proportion distributed to panicles showed RR〉SHMR, but the proportion remained in stems and sheathes showed the opposite trend. Appearance quality of RR was better than that of early rice and late rice, but its processing quality was between early rice and late rice. In the conditions of this study, SHMR belonged to the sink-limited while RR belonged to the source-sink interacted. The high-yielding strategies to RR were as follows： choose varieties with more grains, exert advantages of RR in higher photosynthetic rate and net assimilation rate, adopt positive cultivating measures to promote expanding of leaf area, at the same time, to increase grain number per panicle and boost up transporting capability of flow to a certain extent.

关 键 词：再生稻 主季稻 源库流特性 高产 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S512.106.2