我国低温雨雪冰冻灾害遥感监测评估技术——研究与应用  

Remote sensing monitoring and assessment technology for cryogenic freezing rain and snow disasters in China:research and application

作　　者：范一大[1] 王磊[1] 聂娟[1] 王薇[1] 张宝军[1] 徐丰[1] 

机构地区：[1]民政部国家减灾中心民政部/教育部减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100053

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2008年第6期21-25,共5页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：科技部863重点项目(2007AA120205);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD20B04)

摘　　要：针对2008年初发生在我国南方大部分地区的"低温雨雪冰冻灾害",通过典型案例分析,总结了利用微波和光学遥感数据开展冰雪监测、交通拥堵状况监测评估、雪水当量时空变化监测、地表温度反演与农业受灾评估等技术方法,介绍了灾害应急阶段空间信息产品的服务情况。提出对交通运输、能源供应和电力通信等生命线状况的评估,将是今后灾害遥感业务重要的研究和应用方向。最后从数据资源、复杂灾害背景环境下灾害遥感和卫星等资源综合应用三个方面,讨论了当前灾害遥感领域研究的不足及发展方向,指出了建立基于空间信息技术的灾害监测、预警、评估与服务体系的迫切性。Based on the typical cases analysis of the cryogenic freezing rain and snow disaster in the southeast of China in 2008, this paper summarizes the technologies of the monitoring and assessment for ice/snow, traffic-jam, snow water equivalent distribution, land-surface temperature change and agriculture damage with microwave/optical remote sensing data. This paper also introduces the spatial information products services during the emergency re- sponses. Assessment of traffic transportation, energy supply and electronic communication will be one of the most important research objects in the future. In the end, this paper discusses the lack of current disaster management and the objects for future research, and puts forward the importance to establish the system of disaster monitoring, forecasting, assessment and services with spatial information technology.

关 键 词：低温雨雪冰冻灾害 灾害遥感 冰雪监测 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P426.616[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]