江淮方言“捣他”的主观化  

The Subjectification of "Daota" in Jianghuai Dialect

作　　者：张爱玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮阴工学院人文与社会科学系,江苏淮安223003

出　　处：《淮阴工学院学报》2008年第6期27-31,共5页Journal of Huaiyin Institute of Technology

摘　　要：江淮方言"捣特"经历了一个从动宾短语"捣他"到形容词性詈词"捣它",到特殊否定词"捣特"的主观化历程,语义上形成了"攻击→诅咒→否定"的语法化环链。形式上,"捣他"发生了语义指向从无到有、从事物到动作、再到话语的转变。其后续N(P)的[+指人]语义特征发生了变化,生命度逐渐降低为零。相应地,"他"发生实义虚化,语音弱化。＂Daota＂ in Jianghuai dialect originally means ＂beat him＂. It has experienced the process of subjectification. The original meaning of ＂ daota＂ decreased gradually owing to the bleaching of ＂ta＂. Instead, the meaning of ＂disgust and damn＂ deriving from the meaning of ＂beat him＂ has been strengthen constantly, which promoted ＂daota＂ to divert into a property adjective. Then, with the semantic index direction＇s change in particular situation, the property adjective grammaticallized into a negation. The grammaticalization of ＂ daota＂ involved phonetic reduction of ＂ta＂.

关 键 词：捣他 语义指向 生命度 

分 类 号：H172.4[语言文字—汉语]