6种蔷薇的核形态学研究  

An study on the chromosome karyomorphology of 6 species in Rosa

作　　者：刘承源[1] 王国良[2] 谢秋兰[3] 金菁[1] 刘冠楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京211153 [3]贵州师范大学,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《江苏林业科技》2008年第6期5-8,共4页Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑项目专题"优质高产月季新品种选育"(2006BAD01A1805)的内容之一;江苏省科技支撑计划(农业):"高抗浓香型大花藤本月季新品种选育"(BE2008400)

摘　　要：蔷薇属植物染色体核型分析是其远缘杂交利用的细胞学基础。采用常规压片法对6个蔷薇原种根尖染色体制片中的预处理、解离、染色方法等进行了比较，并对其核形态学进行了研究。结果表明：根尖用0．002mol／L8-羟基喹啉在18～20℃下处理4h、5NHCI室温下解离25～30min、改良卡宝品红染色2h以上效果较好，染色体数目及形态分别为：多花蔷薇（Rosa muhifloraThumb）为2n=2x=14=14m，粉团蔷薇（Rosa multifloravar catheyensis）为2n=3x=21=15m＋6sin，金樱子（Rosa laevigataMichx）为2n=2x=14=10m＋4sm，日本无刺蔷薇（Rosa multifloravar）为2n：2x=14=10m＋4sm，硕苞蔷薇（RosabracteataWendl）为2n=2x=14：14m，香水月季[Rosaodorata（Andr．）Sweet]为2n：2x=14=12m＋2sm。其中，粉团蔷薇的核型类别为2A型，日本无刺蔷薇为2B型，其他品种均为1A型。Karyotype analysis of chromosome in Rosa is the foundation of distant hybridization. The several methods of pretreatment, dissociation and staining in chromosome sectioning of six species in Rosa were compared, and karyomorphologically studied. The results showed that pretreatment with 0.002 mol/L 8-hydroxy quinoline during 18-20 ℃, the dissociation with 5N HCI for 25 -30 minutes at home temperature and staining with improved carmine for more than 2 hours performed well in the sectioning. The chromosome numbers and karyomorphology revealed that the karyotype of Rosa muhiflora Thumb is 2n = 2x = 14 = 12m, that of Rosa muhiflora var catheyensis is 2n = 3x = 21 = 15m ＋ 6sm, Rosa multiflora var is 2n =2x = 14 = 10m ＋4sm, Rosa bracteata Wendl is 2n = 2x = 14 = 14re,Rosa odorata（ Andr. ） Sweet was 2n = 2x = 14 = 12m ＋ 2sm. The karyotype type of Rosa multiflora var catheyensis belongs to 2A and that of Rosa multiflora var belongs to 2B,the rest are all fall into 1A.

关 键 词：蔷薇 核型 染色体 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]