气相色谱质谱联用技术在海面溢油事故鉴别中的应用--案例分析  

Application of oil spill identification by GCMS——A case study

作　　者：杨佰娟[1] 徐晓琴[1,2] 李庆玲[1] 何鹰[1] 黎先春[1] 王小如[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛现代分析技术及中药标准化重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [2]厦门大学化学化工学院化学系,现代分析科学教育部重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2008年第6期661-665,670,共6页Marine Environmental Science

摘　　要：通过对中国近海海域一个具体海面溢油事例的研究,提出了通过气相色谱及气质联用技术进行海面溢油鉴别的方法。采用GC-FID对油样中的正构烷烃的主要组分进行定性分析,利用GC-MS对油中难降解的生物标记化合物：霍烷及其他五环三萜类化合物、规则甾烷及重排甾烷类化合物、三芳甾类化合物、多环芳烃进行分析,计算相应的比值并采用“t-分布”方法进行溢油样品和可疑溢油源样的相关分析。结果如下：（1）从GC-FID色谱图可以看出,YY2679与KY0631、KY0632的色谱图极其相似,与其余四个可疑油源的色谱图差异较大。六个可疑油源的R值在0.04～1.95之间,只有KY0631和KY0632的R值小于0.1,KY0633～KY0636与YY2679的差异不是由风化引起的,可以排除,由此可以推断出YY2679溢油样品可能来源于KY0631或KY0632两个可疑溢油源。（2）采用21个生物标志物指标进行相关性判别,KY0631可疑溢油源在比值点的区间范围为95%和98%时,有多个点x或y误差棒均未跨过直线y=x。KY0632可疑溢油源在比值点的区间范围为95%时,各点的x或y误差棒均跨过直线y=x,由此推断YY2679溢油样品和可疑油源KY0632是同一油源。On the basis of a case study, a method to identify the spilled oil at sea was introduced. N-alkane distribution patterns of unknown oil were recognized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, determined the distribution of a suit of petroleum biomarkers hopanes, triterpanes, regular steranes diasteranes, triaromatic steroids and polyeyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The calculated diagnostic ratios for selected biomarker in the source of the spilled oil were done. The correlation studies compared the spill sample and suspected source were made. The results showed three samples nearly identical GC chromatographic profiles, n-alkane distribution patterns, as well as nearly identical diagnostic ratios. This implies that they were most likely from the same source. In 95% confidence limit, all diagnostic ratios of sample KY0632 is exactly the same as for YY2679, so conclusion that the sample of KY2679 and YY0632 are come from the same source.

关 键 词：气相色谱质谱 气相色谱 正构烷烃 生物标志物 相关分析 

分 类 号：Q331[生物学—遗传学] X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]