水花生投放密度对富营养化湖水净化效果影响的试验研究  

EXPERIMENTS ABOUT THE IMPACT OF THROW-IN DENSITY OF ALTERNANTHERA PHILOXEROIDES ON THE PURIFYING EFFECTS ON EUTROPHIC LAKE WATER

作　　者：朱泽聪[1,2] 胡春华[1] 胡维平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2008年第4期49-55,共7页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2002AA601011)资助

摘　　要：为了研究水花生在不同投放密度下净化富营养化湖水的效果,在太湖梅梁湾进行了多种密度水花生放养试验。结果表明：夏季高温条件下,低屏密度时水花生去除水体中总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）及悬浮物（SS）的效果较明显,水花生初始投放密度为2 kg/m^2和4 kg/m^2时,TN最大去除率分别为26.4%和38.4%;TP最大去除率分别为45.3%和32.9%;SS最大去除率分别为44.5%和81.4%。而在初始投放密度为6 kg/m^2和8 kg/m^2的条件下,植株自屏效应使得水花生生物量增长率低,水体净化效果不明显,易产生二次污染。因此,夏季利用水花生进行水体生态修复时,需要控制合理的初始投放密度（以2～4 kg/m^2为宜）,并定期收割以控制其植株密度（低于6 kg/m^2）。Experiments were carried out in Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu to study the purifying effects of Alternanthera philoxeroides with different throw-in density for eutrophic lake water.It was found that Alternanthera philoxeroides cultured in low-shield density had great effects on removing total nitrogen（TN）,total phosphorus（TP） and suspended solids（SS） in midsummer days.The maximal removal rates of groups with initial throw-in density of 2 kg/m^2 and 4 kg/m^2 were 26.4% and 38.4% for TN,45.3% and 32.9% for TP,44.5% and 81.4% for SS respectively.However,the plant cultured in high-shield density（6 kg/m^2 and 8 kg/m^2） had low biomass grow rate and little purification effect owing to shielding effect,being prone to cause second-pollution.The result presented completely showed that when using Alternanthera philoxeroides for aquatic ecological rehabilitation in eutrophic lakes in summer,it is necessary to control rational initial density（2～4 kg/m^2）and harvest periodically to control plant density（under 6 kg/m^2）.

关 键 词：水花生 投放密度 净水效果 自屏效应 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]