铵氮胁迫对拟穴青蟹Scylla paramamosain免疫力的影响  

Effects of ammonium nitrogen stress on the immunity of Scylla paramamosain

作　　者：金珊[1] 程岩雄[2] 杨玉姣[1] 周素琴[3] 王国良[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学生命科学与生物工程学院应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,浙江宁波315211 [2]台州市水产技术推广站,浙江台州318000 [3]台州市海洋与渔业局,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2008年第6期402-407,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y305189);浙江省重大科技攻关项目(2005C12038)

摘　　要：实验室条件下测定了在氨氮浓度0,0.5,1.5,2.5 mg/L胁迫0,24,48,72和96 h下,拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)血细胞总数(THC)、血细胞吞噬能力及其血清中溶菌酶(LZM)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、过氧化物酶(POD)、酚氧化酶(PO)、溶血素等免疫相关因子的活力变化。结果表明:铵氮胁迫24 h时各试验组血细胞吞噬能力明显增强,其后逐渐减弱;铵氮浓度0.5 mg/L组AKP,SOD,PO,POD,溶血素等活力在试验24和48 h时均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);铵氮浓度1.5 mg/L组仅SOD和POD活力在试验48 h内略高于对照组,其后下降,而其它试验组各测定指标在整个实验过程中均低于对照组并呈下降趋势,且下降的幅度与胁迫浓度、时间成正相关。说明低浓度的铵氮胁迫短时间内会使青蟹产生应激反应,适当提高其免疫力,而长时间或高浓度的铵氮胁迫会抑制青蟹各免疫因子的活性,从而降低其免疫力。Effects of different ammonium-N concentrations （0,0.5,1.5, and 2.5 mg/L） on the disease resistance of Scylla paramamosain were investigated in the laboratory. In this study the crabs were exposed to ammonium-N for 0,24,48, 72, and 96 h and examined total haemocyte count （THC）, phagocytic activity to Escherichia coil, and lysozyme （LZM）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, alkaline phosphatase （AKP）, acidic phosphatase （ACP）, peroxidase （POD）, phenoloxidase （PO） and hemolysin activities in the serum. The results showed that phagocytic activity of experimental groups exposed to ammonium-N for 24 h was increased significantly and then decreased gradually. Alkaline phosphatase （AKP）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, and hemolysin activity in the crabs exposed to 0.5 mg/L ammonium-N for 24 h and 48 h were much higher than in the control group （P 〈 0.01）. However, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and peroxidase （POD） activity in the crabs exposed to 1.5 mg/L ammonium-N were appreciably higher than in the control group within 48 h and then decreased. All the immune indexes in the crabs exposed to 2.5 mg/ L were lower than in the control groups during the experiment and exhibited a downward trend. It was found that the decreased extent of all the indexes was proportional to ammonium-N concentrations and the treating time. It was concluded that that the treatment of low concentration ammonium-N for short time caused a stressing response and enhanced the disease resistance of Scylla parmnmnosain. However, the treatment of high concentration ammonium-N for long time inhibited the activity of immune factors, thereby decreased the disease resistance of Scylla paramamosain.

关 键 词：拟穴青蟹 铵氮胁迫 免疫力 

分 类 号：S945[农业科学—水产养殖]