川西亚高山岷江冷杉种群的空间格局分析  

Spatial Pattern Analysis of Abies faxoniana Population in Sub-Alpine Area in Western Sichuan

作　　者：缪宁[1] 史作民[1] 冯秋红[1] 刘兴良[2] 何飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]四川省林业科学研究院,成都610081

出　　处：《林业科学》2008年第12期1-6,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划专题(2006BAD03A1004);国家自然科学基金(30771718);国家重点基础研究规划项目课题(2002CB111505)资助

摘　　要：在择伐40年后的红桦-岷江冷杉次生林样地中,调查所有岷江冷杉个体的坐标、胸径和高度,根据胸径和树高将岷江冷杉分5个大小级。用点格局分析法(Ripley’s K函数)分析种群的空间分布格局和种内不同龄级个体的空间关联。结果表明:岷江冷杉是个聚集型分布的种群,各龄级在多数尺度下呈聚集分布;随着尺度增大聚集强度先增大后减小,趋于随机分布,存在过渡到随机分布的特定尺度;大龄级个体的聚集分布可能主要取决于20世纪60年代的择伐干扰,小龄级个体的聚集分布可能与其母树种子散布的方式相关;各龄级间在小尺度范围内正关联较强,随尺度增大,空间关联趋于零,在所有尺度上都未出现负关联,种内关系协调;大树与中树在所有尺度上均是正关联;幼苗仅在7m的尺度内和幼树正关联,在所有尺度下和大树、中树和小树都不关联,相对独立于大龄级个体而存在。结合种群空间属性和不同生长阶段特性,可进行相应的人为干扰,以促进群落向择伐前的箭竹岷江冷杉林进展演替。The location of every Abies faxoniana tree was mapped, and the diameter at breast height （DBH）, height of each individual recorded in a forty years natural secondary forest. Trees were divided into five age classes according to their DBH and height. The spatial pattern was analyzed using point pattern analysis （Ripley＇ s K） method. The results showed that Abies faxoniana distributed as a clumped population, five age classes exhibited clumped distributions at most spatial scales. The intensity of assemblage increased firstly, and then decreased with increasing scale and then tent to random distribution. There existed a critical scale in which distribution pattern transfered from clumped to random. Probably, the clumped distribution of big age classes was determined by the selectively cutting disturbances in the 60th of last century, the clumped distribution of small age classes was closely related to the way of seeds dispersal. All age classes present a positive association at fine scales. Spatial association turned from strongly positive association to zero with the increasing of scale. However, there were no negative associations in age classes at all scales, which indicated that the population had a harmonious relationship internally. Big trees and middle trees had positive association at all scales. Seedlings have positive association with saplings only within the scale of 7 m, but they had no associations with big, middle and small trees. Seedlings were independent of big age classes. Some corresponding measures can be taken to accelerate the proceeding succession to bamboo-Minjiang fir forest before the selective cutting, with the consideration of the population＇s spatial property and the characteristics in different growth phase.

关 键 词：岷江冷杉 空间分布格局 空间关联 Ripley’s K函数 大小级 亚高山 

分 类 号：S791.149[农业科学—林木遗传育种]