HIV/AIDS患者低钠、低钾血症与合并机会性感染关系的临床研究  

Analysis of the relationship between hyponatremia,hypopotassamia and the complication of opportunistic infection in HIV/AIDS patients

作　　者：陶梅梅[1] 匡季秋[1] 韩扬[1] 谢静[1] 邱志峰[1] 左玲燕[1] 李雁凌[1] 李太生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院感染科,100730

出　　处：《北京医学》2009年第1期1-3,共3页Beijing Medical Journal

基　　金：十五攻关"中国艾滋病病人的抗病毒治疗研究"课题(编号2004BA719A10);卫生部部属医疗机构临床学科重点项目(2007-2009)

摘　　要：目的探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)患者血钠、血钾和肾功能情况。方法总结280例HIV/AIDS患者临床资料,分析其血钾、血钠和肌酐、尿素氮水平,并探讨机会性感染的发生情况。结果低钠血症和低钾血症多见于CD4+淋巴细胞<200个/mm3的患者,其发生率为19.4%和13.3%,显著高于CD4+T淋巴细胞≥200个/mm3组。在低钠血症和低钾血症患者中,机会性感染的发生率分别为70.6%(24/34)和60.7%(17/28),显著高于非低钠、低钾血症组。在280例HIV/AIDS患者中,仅发现2例肾功能异常。结论低钠血症和低钾血症多发生于AIDS晚期患者,合并机会性感染者更易出现,临床医师应在CD4+T淋巴细胞数量<200/mm3时注意患者的血钠和血钾水平;HIV感染对肾脏功能影响较小。Objective To investigate the relationship between hyponatremia,hypopotassamia and opportunistic infection complicated in HIV/AIDS patients. Methods The concentration of serum sodium,serum potassium,creatine and urea nitrogen and opportunistic infection were analyzed in 280 HIV/AIDS patients hospitalized in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1986 to 2007 from＂ fifteenth plan＂. Results Hyponatremia and hypokalemia often occured in AIDS patients with CD4^＋ T cells count 〈 200/mm^3 ,and the mobidity was 19.4% and 13.3% ,which were significant higher compared with the patients with CD4^＋ T cells count≥200/mm^3. In patients with hyponatremia or hypokalemia, the incidence of opportunistic infection was 70.6% （24/34）and 60.7% （17/28）, which were higher than those in patients without hypo natremia or hypo-kalemia. Abnormal creatine and urea nitrogen existed in two cases of 280 HIV/AIDS patients. Conclusion Hyponatremia and hypokalemia were common in patients of late stage of AIDS, especially in the opportunistic infection AIDS,The concentration of serum sodium and potassium in patients with CD4^＋T cells count 〈 200/mm^3 should be monitored. The renal function is less involved in HIV/AIDS patients.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 低钠血症 低钾血症 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R591.1[医药卫生—临床医学]