膜序批式间歇反应器的膜污染特性及控制  

Characteristics of Membrane Fouling and Its Control in Membrane Sequencing Batch Reactor Process

作　　者：张胜[1,2] 徐立荣[1] 李慧琴[1] 董小磊[1] 张铭川[1] 竺建荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875 [2]大同市环境保护局,大同037006

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第1期166-171,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2006AA06Z318)

摘　　要：采取厌-好氧交替运行、实验室人工配水的方式,连续运行300 d,研究膜序批式间歇反应器运行过程的膜污染特性及其控制.结果表明,在运行初期的75 d内,污泥处于絮体状,SVI值64.6～110.6 mL.g-1,膜污染呈快速指数增长趋势,TMP平均增长速率为0.309 kPa.d-1,膜阻力变化在0.393×1011～1.298×1011m-1.d-1之间,比膜通量从4.4 L.(m2.h.kPa)-1下降为0.52L.(m2.h.kPa)-1,75 d时的临界膜通量为20 L.(m2.h)-1.从75～120 d对系统进行了调控,反应器培养出好氧颗粒污泥,SVI值逐渐下降,从170 d开始,SVI一直保持在40 mL.g-1左右,污泥粒径逐渐增大,220 d时污泥粒径分布大多在500～1 000μm.120～300 d运行过程中的膜污染呈缓慢增长趋势,TMP平均增长率仅为0.062 kPa.d-1,膜阻力变化率在0.291×1011～0.404×1011m-1.d-1,比膜通量从4.4 L.(m2.h.kPa)-1下降为1.4 L.(m2.h.kPa)-1,220 d时的临界膜通量为40 L.(m2.h)-1.这些数据表明好氧颗粒污泥的培养对减缓膜污染发生具有极大作用.曝气强度为100 m3.(m2.h)-1时,比膜通量最大,曝气强度为69m3.(m2.h)-1时,膜污染速率最小.Characteristics of membrane fouling and its control were investigated using synthetic wastewater as feed in an anaerobic/aerobic membrane sequencing batch reactor （MSBR） for 300 days operational period. The experimental results showed that the sludge was in flocculent form, and the range of SVI was 64.6-110.6 mL·g^-1 during the initial 75 days operation. Membrane fouling occurred in a quick exponential growth, and the average growth rate of TMP was 0.309 kPa·d^-1 . Membrane resistance was in the range of 0.393 × 10^11-1.298 × 10^11 m^- 1·d ^-1 , and specific membrane flux decreased from 4.4 L·（m^2·h·kPa）^-1 to 0.52 L·（m^2·h·kPa）^-1 . The critical membrane flux was 20 L·（m^2·h）^-1 at 75^th day. In 75-120 d operation, MSBR condition was regulated, and aerobic granular sludge in reactor appeared. SVI decreased steadily, and finally maintained approximately 40 mL·g^-1 from 170^th day on. The sludge particle grew much gradually, and size distribution was mainly in diameter 500-1 000 μm at 220μm day. Membrane fouling developed very slowly. The average accumulating rate of TMP was only 0.062 kPa·d ^-1 , membrane resistance varied from 0.291 × 10^11 m ^-1·d ^-1 to 0.404 ×10^11 m ^-1·d ^-1 , specific membrane flux decreased from 4.4 L·（m^2·h·kPa）^-1 to 1.4 L·（m^2·h·kPa）^-1, and critical membrane flux was 40 L·（m^2·h）^-1 at 220^th day. These data clearly demonstrated that the formation of aerobic granular sludge was beneficial to cease the growth rate of membrane fouling. Specific membrane flux was the biggest at aeration strength of 100 m^3 · （m^2 · h） ^-1 , while membrane fouling rate was the lowest at aeration strength of 69 m^3 · （m^2 · h） ^-1.

关 键 词：膜序批式反应器 膜污染 临界通量 膜阻力 好氧颗粒污泥 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]