表面接枝季铵化聚乙烯亚胺的硅胶微粒对铬酸根的吸附特性  

Adsorption of Quaternized Polyethyleneimine-grafted Silica Gel Particles for Chromate

作　　者：李延斌[1] 高保娇[1] 安富强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化学工程系,太原030051

出　　处：《应用化学》2009年第1期72-77,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金资助项目(MZ20020402)

摘　　要：采用接枝有聚电解质——季铵化聚乙烯亚胺的硅胶微粒,吸附去除水介质中的铬酸根阴离子。通过γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷的偶联,将聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)偶合接枝在微米级硅胶微粒表面,制得PEI/SiO2。采用叔胺化与季铵化反应,将接枝微粒PEI/SiO2表面的PEI大分子链季铵化,制备了在硅胶表面接枝有季铵化聚乙烯亚胺的功能微粒QPEI/SiO2。用红外光谱测试技术对其化学结构进行了表征,测定了该微粒的Zeta电位。采用静态法研究了QPEI/SiO2对铬酸根的吸附性能。结果表明,凭借强烈的静电相互作用,QPEI/SiO2对铬酸根阴离子可产生很强的吸附作用,饱和吸附量达0.14 g/g。等温吸附满足Langmuir吸附等温方程。影响QPEI/SiO2吸附性能的主要因素是接枝微粒QPEI/SiO2的季铵化程度,季铵化程度越高,吸附容量越大。介质的pH值对吸附作用影响很小。Silica gel particles on which quaternized polyethyleneimine was grafted were used in the removal of chromate anions. Polyethyleneimine（PEI） was first grafted on the surface of the silica gel particles via the coupling of γ-chloropropyl trimethoxy silane, resulting in grafting PEI/SiO2 particles. Then, the grafted PEI was quaternized via two polymeric reactions, tertiary amine reaction and quatemization, and the functional particles QPEI/SiO2, on which quaternized PEI was grafted, was obtained. The infrared spectrum of QPEI/ SiO2 was obtained and its chemical structure was characterized. The Zeta potential of the QPEI/SiO2 particles was also determined. The adsorption property of QPEI/SiO2 for chromate anions was studied with the static method. The experimental results show that the QPEI/SiO2 particles have a very strong adsorption ability by strong electrostatic interaction, and the saturated adsorption amount can reach 0. 14 g/g. The isotherm adsorption obeys Langmuir equation. The major factor whieh affects the adsorption property of QPEI/SiO2 for chromate anions is the quaternization degree of QPEI/SiO2, and the QPEL/SiO2 particles with higher quaternization degree have a higher adsorption capacity. The pH of the medium has little effect on the adsorption property of QPEL/SiO2.

关 键 词：铬酸根 聚乙烯亚胺 季铵盐 接枝聚合 静电相互作用 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]