桃果实缝合线软化与维管束发育及其形态结构的关系  

Relationship between suture softening and morphological structure of vascular bundle of peach fruit

作　　者：潘叶[1] 马焕普[1] 刘志民[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术系,北京102206

出　　处：《果树学报》2009年第1期32-36,127,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金和北京市教委联合资助重点项目(KZ200610020011);北京市属市管高校人才强教计划资助项目(PXM2007-014207-044536)

摘　　要：为了进一步明确桃果实缝合线软化的原因,采用光学显微镜和透射电镜对大久保桃缝合线软化部位的维管束结构进行了观察。结果表明,与正常果相应部位相比,软化果该部位缝合线维管束粗大发达,韧皮部、木质部面积相对大,腺腔发达,软化果伴胞发育速度比正常果的快;硬核初期,软化果伴胞含有丰富线粒体,核仁多且大,说明伴胞运输能力强且细胞分裂旺盛。硬核末期,软化果伴胞线粒体数目明显多于正常果,说明此时物质供应充足,代谢旺盛。在硬核末期和第2次迅速膨大期,软化果缝合线处维管束发育速度较正常果的明显加快,腺腔也进一步扩大,其内含物增加。初步鉴定认为腺腔中的物质为多糖。Experiment was conducted with the fruit of peach cuhivar Okubo [Prunus persica.（L. ）. Batch] for studying the relationship between the fruit part softening of the suture and the morphological characteristics of the vascular bundle structure around the abdominal suture using optical microscope and the transmission electron microscope. The results showed that at the beginning stage of endocarp sclerosis, the amount of the mitochondria in a companion cell of abdominal suture vascular bundle was more in softening fruit than in normal one, and the nucleolus of the companion cell of the abdominal suture vas- cular bundle was bigger in softening fruit than in normal one. At the middle stage of endocarp sclerosis, comparing with the corresponding location of normal fruit, the abdominal suture vascular bundles of softening fruit were thicker and more exuberant; the transverse section areas of phloem and xylem were relatively larger; the up-growth rate of companion cell was higher, and the glandular cavity was more flourishing. At the end stage of endocarp sclerosis, the number of mitochondrions in a companion cell of abdominal suture vascular bundle was obviously more in softening fruit than in normal one. During the end stage of endocarp sclerosis and the phase of the second time of mesocarp expand, the suture vascular bundles of softening fruit grew obviously faster than that of the normal fruit. The up-growth of glandular cell was so fast in the abdominal suture vascular bundles of softening fruit that both the bulk of the cell and the inclusion within the glandular cavity, which was identified as polysaccharide, was stronger in softening fruit than in normal one. Suggesting that there may be some factors in the abdominal suture vascular bundles of softening fruit, which obviously accelerated the fruit development and therefore made it come into senescence ahead of its time.

关 键 词：桃 缝合线软化 维管束 腺腔 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]