膜生物反应器中氨氧化菌群落结构的演替与分析  

Analysis and Succession of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterial Community Structure in Membrane Bioreactor

作　　者：张斌[1,2] 孙宝盛[1] 刘慧娜 黄翠芳 季民[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所,天津300050 [3]天津市金厦规划建筑设计有限公司,天津300074 [4]国家环境保护部环境标准研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《天津大学学报》2009年第1期65-71,共7页Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金重点资助项目(07JCZDJC02100)

摘　　要：为了揭示膜生物反应器中氨氧化菌群落结构的演替过程,利用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)、克隆测序和实时定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)等分子生物学技术对膜生物反应器中氨氧化菌群落的演替进行了研究.DGGE结果表明,在实验过程中氨氧化菌群落结构的演替过程较为缓慢,有些种群一直保持着较为稳定的优势地位.测序结果表明,氨氧化菌群中的主要优势种群为Comamonas sp、Uncultured Nitrosomonas sp、Uncultured Nitrosospira sp和Uncultured β-Proteobacterium;并在实验后期鉴定出3株反硝化优势菌群.实时PCR结果表明,氨氧化菌在总细菌中所占比例尚不足0.01%,但其含量在经过驯化后显著增长,第80天时为接种污泥中含量的12.38倍,但其比氨氧化速度从初期的0.30×1015 g/(拷贝数.h)上升到11.73×1015 g/(拷贝数.h)后,逐渐降低到末期的0.068×1015 g/(拷贝数.h).而且,这一结果与反应器中对氨氮的去除效果相对应.To reveal the succession procedure of ammonia-oxidizing bacterial （AOB） community structure in membrane bioreaetor （MBR）,the molecular biological techniques of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）, cloning and sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） were applied. The results of DGGE showed that in the process of the experiment, the succession procedure of the AOB community was slow, and that some kinds of popula- tions had been highly preponderance consistently. The results of cloning and sequencing revealed that Comamonas sp, Uncultured Nitrosomonas sp, Uncultured Nitrosospira sp and Uncultured β-Proteobacterium were dominant species in the AOB population, and that three denitrifying species were identified at later stage of the experiment.The results of real-time PCR indicated that the percentage of the AOB in the total amount of bacteria was less than 0.01% ,but after the domestication period, the amount of the AOB increased significantly, and the AOB content on the 80th day was 12.38 times that of the inoculating activated sludge.However,the specific ammonia-oxidizing activity increased from the initial 0.30 × 10^15 g/ （copies . h） to 11.73 × 10^15 g/（copies.h） ,and decreased to the final 0.068 × 10^15 g/（copies.h）. Furthermore,the results were in correspondence with the NH4^＋ -N removal efficiency in MBR.

关 键 词：膜生物反应器 氨氧化菌 变性梯度凝胶电泳 克隆测序 实时聚合酶链式反应 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]