金属催化剂对褐煤热解气体产物析出影响的实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR THE EFFECT OF CATALYSTS ON THE RELEASE OF GASEOUS PRODUCTS DURING PYROLYSIS OF LIGNITE

作　　者：杨景标[1] 蔡宁生[1] 张彦文[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学热能工程系热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2009年第1期161-164,共4页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家863高技术基金项目(No.2003AA501330);国家973重点基础研究项目(No.2006CB705807)

摘　　要：利用固定床反应器研究了褐煤和添加碱金属K、碱土金属Ca、和过渡金属Ni和Fe后的煤样热解时气体产物随温度的变化。实验结果表明,在热解的起始阶段,CO_2最先析出,随着温度的升高,CO_2的浓度逐渐下降。H_2的浓度随温度的升高逐渐增大,到1173 K时,H_2的体积分数达80%。CH_4的浓度随温度的升高先增大后降低,在某一温度值达到最大值,峰值对应的温度与催化剂种类有关。CO的浓度的变化曲线与催化剂的种类密切相关。碱金属、碱土金属和过渡金属催化剂的添加,改变了煤热解时气体产物的析出过程。原煤及其热解后的焦,以及添加不同金属催化剂的煤和其煤焦均具有不规则的粗糙表面和直的管壁状结构两种表面形态,这两种表面形态与煤中含有的惰性组和镜质组两种显微组织有关。The catalytic effects of alkali, alkaline earth and transition metals on the release of the gaseous products during pyrolysis of a lignite were carried out with a fixed-bed reactor. Experimental results indicate that CO2 releases at first during pyrolysis, then the concentration of CO2 decrease with temperature increasing. The concentration of H2 increases with an increase in temperature, and reaches 80% at 1173 K. The concentration of CH4 increases and then decreases with the increase of temperature, and reaches a maximum at a certain temperature which is related to the catalyst loaded. The change of CO concentration depends on the type of the catalyst added. The process of the gaseous products evolved during pyrolysis was changed by the catalysts loaded. Morphologies with rough surface and wall structure of longitudinal tubes coexist for all of the lignite and its char, and the coal samples loaded with K, Ca, Ni and Fe and their resulting chars, which is owing to the two macerals of inertinite and vitrinite in the parent coal.

关 键 词：煤热解 催化剂 气体产物 表面形态 

分 类 号：TQ546[化学工程—煤化学工程]